Interdisciplinary Program of Bioengineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, 151-742, Republic of Korea.
Adv Mater. 2014 Feb;26(5):675-700. doi: 10.1002/adma.201303412. Epub 2013 Dec 18.
Multiscale, hierarchically patterned surfaces, such as lotus leaves, butterfly wings, adhesion pads of gecko lizards are abundantly found in nature, where microstructures are usually used to strengthen the mechanical stability while nanostructures offer the main functionality, i.e., wettability, structural color, or dry adhesion. To emulate such hierarchical structures in nature, multiscale, multilevel patterning has been extensively utilized for the last few decades towards various applications ranging from wetting control, structural colors, to tissue scaffolds. In this review, we highlight recent advances in scalable multiscale patterning to bring about improved functions that can even surpass those found in nature, with particular focus on the analogy between natural and synthetic architectures in terms of the role of different length scales. This review is organized into four sections. First, the role and importance of multiscale, hierarchical structures is described with four representative examples. Second, recent achievements in multiscale patterning are introduced with their strengths and weaknesses. Third, four application areas of wetting control, dry adhesives, selectively filtrating membranes, and multiscale tissue scaffolds are overviewed by stressing out how and why multiscale structures need to be incorporated to carry out their performances. Finally, we present future directions and challenges for scalable, multiscale patterned surfaces.
具有多尺度、层次结构的表面，如荷叶、蝴蝶翅膀、壁虎的粘附垫，在自然界中大量存在，其中微结构通常用于增强机械稳定性，而纳米结构提供主要功能，即润湿性、结构色或干粘附。为了在自然界中模拟这种分层结构，多尺度、多层次的图案化在过去几十年中得到了广泛的应用，涉及从润湿控制、结构色到组织支架等各种应用。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了可扩展的多尺度图案化的最新进展，以带来甚至超过自然界的功能，特别关注自然和合成结构在不同长度尺度的作用方面的类比。这篇综述分为四个部分。首先，通过四个代表性的例子描述了多尺度、层次结构的作用和重要性。其次，介绍了多尺度图案化的最新进展，包括其优缺点。第三，通过强调多尺度结构需要结合以实现其性能，综述了润湿控制、干式粘合剂、选择性过滤膜和多尺度组织支架四个应用领域。最后，提出了可扩展的、多尺度图案化表面的未来方向和挑战。
