Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Sewerage System, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, China E-mail:
Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, Tongji University, China.
Water Sci Technol. 2013;68(12):2559-67. doi: 10.2166/wst.2013.523.
Although a commonly applied measure across the United States and Europe for alleviating the negative impacts of urbanization on the hydrological cycle, low impact development (LID) has not been widely used in highly urbanized areas, especially in rapidly urbanizing cities in developing countries like China. In this paper, given five LID practices including Bio-Retention, Infiltration Trench, Porous Pavement, Rain Barrels, and Green Swale, an analysis on LID for highly urbanized areas' waterlogging control is demonstrated using the example of Caohejing in Shanghai, China. Design storm events and storm water management models are employed to simulate the total waterlogging volume reduction, peak flow rate reduction and runoff coefficient reduction of different scenarios. Cost-effectiveness is calculated for the five practices. The aftermath shows that LID practices can have significant effects on storm water management in a highly urbanized area, and the comparative results reveal that Rain Barrels and Infiltration Trench are the two most suitable cost-effective measures for the study area.
尽管低影响开发（LID）作为一种减轻城市化对水文循环负面影响的常用措施已在美国和欧洲得到广泛应用，但在高度城市化地区，尤其是在中国等发展中国家的快速城市化城市中，LID 的应用并不广泛。本文以中国上海漕河泾地区为例，针对五种 LID 实践（包括生物滞留、渗沟、透水铺装、雨水桶和绿色洼地），展示了在高度城市化地区进行 LID 以控制内涝的分析。利用设计暴雨事件和雨水管理模型，模拟不同情景下的总积水体积减少、峰值流量减少和径流系数减少。计算了五种实践的成本效益。结果表明，LID 实践对高度城市化地区的雨水管理有显著影响，比较结果表明，雨水桶和渗沟是研究区域最具成本效益的两种措施。
