United States Military Academy , West Point, Department of Physical Education, West Point, NY, USA.
Tokyo Metropolitan University , Department of Exercise and Sport Science, Tokyo, Japan.
J Sports Sci Med. 2006 Jul 1;5(CSSI):13-20. eCollection 2006.
Sumo wrestling is unique in combat sport, and in all of sport. We examined the maximum aerobic capacity and body composition of sumo wrestlers and compared them to untrained controls. We also compared "aerobic muscle quality", meaning VO2max normalized to predicted skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (VO2max /SMM), between sumo wrestlers and controls and among previously published data for male athletes from combat, aerobic, and power sports. Sumo wrestlers, compared to untrained controls, had greater (p < 0.05) body mass (mean ± SD; 117.0 ± 4.9 vs. 56.1 ± 9.8 kg), percent fat (24.0 ± 1.4 vs. 13.3 ± 4.5), fat-free mass (88.9 ± 4.2 vs. 48.4 ± 6.8 kg), predicted SMM (48.2 ± 2.9 vs. 20.6 ± 4.7 kg) and absolute VO2max (3.6 ± 1.3 vs. 2.5 ± 0.7 L·min(-1)). Mean VO2max /SMM (ml·kg SMM(-1)·min(-1)) was significantly different (p < 0.05) among aerobic athletes (164.8 ± 18.3), combat athletes (which was not different from untrained controls; 131.4 ± 9.3 and 128.6 ± 13.6, respectively), power athletes (96.5 ± 5.3), and sumo wrestlers (71.4 ± 5.3). There was a strong negative correlation (r = - 0.75) between percent body fat and VO2max /SMM (p < 0.05). We conclude that sumo wrestlers have some of the largest percent body fat and fat-free mass and the lowest "aerobic muscle quality "(VO2max /SMM), both in combat sport and compared to aerobic and power sport athletes. Additionally, it appears from analysis of the relationship between SMM and absolute VO2max for all sports that there is a "ceiling "at which increases in SMM do not result in additional increases in absolute VO2max. Key PointsSumo wrestlers have a high absolute VO2max compared to untrained controls.However, sumo wrestlers have a low VO2max /kg of skeletal muscle mass compared to other combat sports, other strength/power sports, and untrained controls.The reason for this is unknown, but is probably related to alterations in sumo skeletal muscle compared to other sports.Based on the present and previous data, there appears to be a "ceiling "at which increases in skeletal muscle mass do not result in additional increases in absolute VO2max.
相扑在格斗运动和所有运动中都是独一无二的。我们检查了相扑运动员的最大有氧能力和身体成分，并将其与未经训练的对照组进行了比较。我们还比较了相扑运动员和对照组之间，以及以前发表的来自格斗、有氧和力量运动的男性运动员的数据中，“有氧肌肉质量”，即 VO2max 与预测骨骼肌质量（SMM）的比值（VO2max/SMM）。与未经训练的对照组相比，相扑运动员的体重（平均值 ± SD；117.0 ± 4.9 与 56.1 ± 9.8 kg）、体脂百分比（24.0 ± 1.4 与 13.3 ± 4.5）、去脂体重（88.9 ± 4.2 与 48.4 ± 6.8 kg）、预测 SMM（48.2 ± 2.9 与 20.6 ± 4.7 kg）和绝对 VO2max（3.6 ± 1.3 与 2.5 ± 0.7 L·min(-1))。有氧运动员（164.8 ± 18.3）、格斗运动员（与未经训练的对照组无差异；分别为 131.4 ± 9.3 和 128.6 ± 13.6）、力量运动员（96.5 ± 5.3）和相扑运动员（71.4 ± 5.3）之间的平均 VO2max/SMM（ml·kg SMM(-1)·min(-1))存在显著差异（p < 0.05）。体脂百分比与 VO2max/SMM 之间存在很强的负相关（r = - 0.75）（p < 0.05）。我们的结论是，相扑运动员的体脂百分比和去脂体重最大，而“有氧肌肉质量”（VO2max/SMM）最低，无论是在格斗运动中还是与有氧和力量运动运动员相比都是如此。此外，通过分析所有运动的 SMM 和绝对 VO2max 之间的关系，我们发现，SMM 的增加不再导致绝对 VO2max 的额外增加存在“上限”。关键点相扑运动员的绝对 VO2max 高于未经训练的对照组。然而，与其他格斗运动、其他力量/功率运动和未经训练的对照组相比，相扑运动员的 VO2max/kg 骨骼肌质量较低。其原因尚不清楚，但可能与相扑骨骼肌与其他运动的改变有关。根据目前和以前的数据，在骨骼肌质量增加不再导致绝对 VO2max 增加的情况下，似乎存在一个“上限”。
