Ratsimandresy Rojo A, Dorfleutner Andrea, Stehlik Christian
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL , USA.
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL , USA ; Robert H. Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center, Interdepartmental Immunobiology Center and Skin Disease Research Center, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University , Chicago, IL , USA.
Front Immunol. 2013 Dec 9;4:440. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2013.00440.
Cytosolic pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) sense a wide range of endogenous danger-associated molecular patterns as well as exogenous pathogen-associated molecular patterns. In particular, Nod-like receptors containing a pyrin domain (PYD), called NLRPs, and AIM2-like receptors (ALRs) have been shown to play a critical role in host defense by facilitating clearance of pathogens and maintaining a healthy gut microflora. NLRPs and ALRs both encode a PYD, which is crucial for relaying signals that result in an efficient innate immune response through activation of several key innate immune signaling pathways. However, mutations in these PRRs have been linked to the development of auto-inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. In addition, they have been implicated in metabolic diseases. In this review, we summarize the function of PYD-containing NLRPs and ALRs and address their contribution to innate immunity, host defense, and immune-linked diseases.
胞质模式识别受体（PRR）可感知多种内源性危险相关分子模式以及外源性病原体相关分子模式。特别是，含有pyrin结构域（PYD）的Nod样受体（称为NLRP）和AIM2样受体（ALR）已被证明通过促进病原体清除和维持健康的肠道微生物群在宿主防御中发挥关键作用。NLRP和ALR都编码一个PYD，这对于通过激活几个关键的先天免疫信号通路来传递导致有效先天免疫反应的信号至关重要。然而，这些PRR中的突变与自身炎症性疾病和自身免疫性疾病的发生有关。此外，它们还与代谢性疾病有关。在本综述中，我们总结了含PYD的NLRP和ALR的功能，并阐述了它们对先天免疫、宿主防御和免疫相关疾病的贡献。
