The Key Laboratory of Carbohydrate Chemistry and Biotechnology, Ministry of Education, School of Biotechnology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, China.
Beilstein J Org Chem. 2013 Nov 12;9:2434-45. doi: 10.3762/bjoc.9.281.
Rare sugars, referred to as monosaccharides and their derivatives that rarely exist in nature, can be applied in many areas ranging from foodstuffs to pharmaceutical and nutrition industry, or as starting materials for various natural products and drug candidates. Unfortunately, an important factor restricting the utilization of rare sugars is their limited availability, resulting from limited synthetic methods. Nowadays, microbial and enzymatic transformations have become a very powerful tool in this field. This article reviews the biosynthesis and enzymatic production of rare ketohexoses, aldohexoses and sugar alcohols (hexitols), including D-tagatose, D-psicose, D-sorbose, L-tagatose, L-fructose, 1-deoxy-L-fructose, D-allose, L-glucose, L-talose, D-gulose, L-galactose, L-fucose, allitol, D-talitol, and L-sorbitol. New systems and robust catalysts resulting from advancements in genomics and bioengineering are also discussed.
稀有糖，指的是在自然界中很少存在的单糖及其衍生物，可应用于从食品到制药和营养行业等多个领域，或作为各种天然产物和药物候选物的起始材料。不幸的是，限制稀有糖利用的一个重要因素是它们的可用性有限，这是由于合成方法有限所致。如今，微生物和酶转化已成为该领域非常强大的工具。本文综述了稀有酮己糖、醛己糖和糖醇（己糖醇）的生物合成和酶法生产，包括 D-塔格糖、D-阿洛酮糖、D-山梨糖、L-塔格糖、L-果糖、1-脱氧-L-果糖、D-阿洛糖、L-葡萄糖、L-海藻糖、D-古洛糖、L-半乳糖、L-岩藻糖、L-阿拉伯糖、肌醇、D-甘露醇和 L-山梨醇。还讨论了基因组学和生物工程进步带来的新系统和稳健的催化剂。
