Beijing Red Cross Blood Center, Beijing, China.
Transfusion. 2014 Mar;54(3 Pt 2):910-7. doi: 10.1111/trf.12530. Epub 2013 Dec 24.
The risk of hepatitis E virus (HEV) infection from blood transfusion has aroused increasing concern in many countries. The aim of this study was to analyze the potential risk of HEV infection through blood transfusion in China.
Qualified blood donations and donations with isolated alanine aminotransferase (ALT) elevations from five geographically diverse Chinese regions were tested for anti-HEV immunoglobulin (Ig)M and IgG and HEV antigen. The positive samples for anti-HEV IgM and HEV antigen were tested for HEV RNA. HEV open reading frame (ORF)2 partial sequences were analyzed from HEV RNA-positive samples.
The seroprevalence rates of HEV antigen and anti-HEV IgM and IgG among qualified donations were 0.06% (6/10,741), 1.02% (109/10,741), and 27.42% (2945/10,741), respectively. Samples with isolated ALT elevations had higher prevalence of HEV markers, namely, HEV antigen of 0.25% (2/797), anti-HEV IgM of 2.76% (22/797), and anti-HEV IgG of 40.02% (319/797). The HEV antibody prevalence varied significantly by age, sex, and geographic region. All 131 samples that were anti-HEV IgM positive were negative for HEV RNA, whereas four of eight (50%) samples positive for HEV antigen were HEV RNA positive. HEV ORF2 sequences from three of four HEV RNA-positive samples were determined and grouped with Genotype 4.
Qualified donations after routine blood donor screening still carry potential risk for transmitting HEV. HEV antigen screening could be one measure to reduce the risk of HEV transmission by blood transfusion.
在许多国家，经输血传播的戊型肝炎病毒（HEV）感染风险引起了越来越多的关注。本研究旨在分析中国经输血传播 HEV 感染的潜在风险。
从中国五个地理区域的合格献血者和单独丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）升高的献血者中，检测抗-HEV 免疫球蛋白（Ig）M 和 IgG 以及 HEV 抗原。抗-HEV IgM 和 HEV 抗原阳性样本检测 HEV RNA。从 HEV RNA 阳性样本中分析 HEV 开放阅读框（ORF）2 部分序列。
合格献血者中 HEV 抗原、抗-HEV IgM 和 IgG 的血清流行率分别为 0.06%（6/10741）、1.02%（109/10741）和 27.42%（2945/10741）。单独 ALT 升高的样本中 HEV 标志物的流行率更高，即 HEV 抗原为 0.25%（2/797），抗-HEV IgM 为 2.76%（22/797），抗-HEV IgG 为 40.02%（319/797）。HEV 抗体流行率按年龄、性别和地理位置差异显著。131 份抗-HEV IgM 阳性样本均为 HEV RNA 阴性，而 8 份 HEV 抗原阳性样本中有 4 份（50%）为 HEV RNA 阳性。从 4 份 HEV RNA 阳性样本中确定了 3 份 HEV ORF2 序列，并归入基因型 4。
经过常规献血者筛查的合格献血者仍有传播 HEV 的潜在风险。HEV 抗原筛查可能是降低输血传播 HEV 风险的一项措施。
