Wang Zhejun, Shen Ya, Haapasalo Markus
Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Canada; The State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Basic Science of Stomatology (Hubei-MOST) & Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine Ministry of Education, School & Hospital of Stomatology, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Division of Endodontics, Department of Oral Biological & Medical Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Canada.
Dent Mater. 2014 Feb;30(2):e1-16. doi: 10.1016/j.dental.2013.12.001. Epub 2013 Dec 25.
Oral bacteria have evolved to form biofilms on hard tooth surfaces and dental materials. The antibiofilm effect of materials used for the restoration of oral function affects oral health. In this review we describe the features involved in the formation of oral biofilms on different surfaces in the oral cavity and the antibiofilm properties of dental materials.
An electronic search of scientific papers from 1987 to 2013 was performed with PubMed, ScienceDirect and Google search engines using the following search terms: antibiofilm, dental material, dental hard tissue, endodontic material, implant material, oral biofilm, and restorative material.
Selected inclusion criteria resulted in 179 citations from the scientific, peer-reviewed literature. Oral biofilms form not only on dental hard tissue, but also on a wide range of dental materials used in cariology, endodontics, restorative dentistry and periodontology, resulting in destruction of dental hard tissue and even infection. Therefore, there has been a continuous effort to develop the antibiofilm properties of dental materials used for different purposes. Specific antimicrobial design in the composition and application of new materials (e.g. bioceramic sealer, resin composite, implant coating) demonstrates an improvement of the antibiofilm properties of these materials compared to earlier generations.
A significant number of dental materials have been shown to affect biofilm growth by inhibiting the adhesion of bacteria, limiting their growth or killing microbes in the biofilms formed in vitro. Incorporation of an appropriate amount of antibacterial agent could provide dental materials with antibiofilm activity without significantly influencing their mechanical properties. However, more randomized and double-blind clinical studies of sufficient length with these materials are needed to confirm long term success following their use in the dental clinic.
口腔细菌已进化到可在坚硬的牙齿表面和牙科材料上形成生物膜。用于恢复口腔功能的材料的抗生物膜作用会影响口腔健康。在本综述中，我们描述了口腔生物膜在口腔不同表面形成所涉及的特征以及牙科材料的抗生物膜特性。
使用PubMed、ScienceDirect和谷歌搜索引擎，以抗生物膜、牙科材料、牙齿硬组织、牙髓材料、种植材料、口腔生物膜和修复材料等搜索词，对1987年至2013年的科学论文进行电子检索。
选定的纳入标准从科学的、经过同行评审的文献中筛选出179篇引用文献。口腔生物膜不仅在牙齿硬组织上形成，还在龋病学、牙髓病学、修复牙科和牙周病学中使用的多种牙科材料上形成，导致牙齿硬组织破坏甚至感染。因此，人们一直在不断努力开发用于不同目的的牙科材料的抗生物膜特性。新材料（如生物陶瓷封闭剂、树脂复合材料、种植体涂层）在组成和应用方面的特定抗菌设计表明，与早期产品相比，这些材料的抗生物膜特性有所改善。
大量牙科材料已被证明可通过抑制细菌黏附、限制其生长或杀死体外形成的生物膜中的微生物来影响生物膜生长。加入适量的抗菌剂可为牙科材料提供抗生物膜活性，而不会显著影响其机械性能。然而，需要对这些材料进行更多足够长时间的随机双盲临床研究，以确认其在牙科临床使用后的长期效果。
