Bili E, Tsolakidis D, Stangou S, Tarlatzis B
1 Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Papageorgiou General Hospital.
Department of Nephrology, Hippokration General Hospital, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Hippokratia. 2013 Apr;17(2):163-8.
An increasing number of pregnancies occur in the presence of chronic kidney diseases (CKD), mainly including chronic glomerulonephritis (GN), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and lupus nephritis (LN). The most important factor affecting fetal and maternal prognosis is the degree of renal function at conception. In the majority of patients with mild renal function impairment, and well-controlled blood pressure, pregnancy is usually successful and does not alter the natural course of maternal renal disease. Conversely, fetal outcome and long-term maternal renal function might be seriously threatened by pregnancy in women with moderate or severe renal function impairment. The last few years, advances in our knowledge about the interaction of pregnancy and renal function resulted in the improvement of fetal outcome in patients with chronic renal failure and also in the management of pregnant women with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) maintained on dialysis. However, women with impaired renal function and those on dialysis should be carefully counseled about the risks of pregnancy.
越来越多的妊娠发生在患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）的情况下，主要包括慢性肾小球肾炎（GN）、糖尿病肾病（DN）和狼疮性肾炎（LN）。影响胎儿和母亲预后的最重要因素是受孕时的肾功能程度。在大多数肾功能轻度受损且血压控制良好的患者中，妊娠通常成功，且不会改变母亲肾脏疾病的自然病程。相反，肾功能中度或重度受损的女性怀孕可能会严重威胁胎儿结局和母亲的长期肾功能。在过去几年中，我们对妊娠与肾功能相互作用的认识取得了进展，这使得慢性肾衰竭患者的胎儿结局得到改善，同时也改善了接受透析治疗的终末期肾病（ESRD）孕妇的管理。然而，对于肾功能受损的女性和接受透析的女性，应仔细告知她们妊娠的风险。
