Laudner Kevin, Lynall Robert, Williams Jeffrey G, Wong Regan, Onuki Takashi, Meister Keith
Illinois State University, Normal, IL, USA.
University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, USA.
Int J Sports Phys Ther. 2013 Dec;8(6):777-83.
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Optimal baseball throwing mechanics require a significant contribution of thoracolumbar motion, particularly in the sagittal and transverse planes. This motion is key for proper transmission of forces from the lower to upper extremity, thereby minimizing a throwing athlete's risk of injury and maximizing athletic performance.
To define the active-assisted thoracolumbar ROM of both baseball pitchers and position players and to compare these motions both within and between groups.
Fifty-six asymptomatic, collegiate and minor league baseball pitchers and 42 position players volunteered to participate. Active-assisted thoracolumbar flexion, extension, and bilateral rotation ROM, were measured in a standing position, using two bubble inclinometers. Two-tailed t tests were used to determine differences in ROM between and within the pitchers and position players.
The pitchers had significantly more rotation to the non-throwing arm side as compared to the position players (p = .007, effect size = .61). The pitchers also had more rotation to the non-throwing arm side as compared to their throwing side (p = .006, effect size = .47). There were no other significant differences between the pitchers and the position players (p > .53). Furthermore, the position players did not have a side-to-side rotation difference (p = .99).
Pitchers have a greater amount of rotation ROM towards the non-throwing arm side as compared to position players. Pitchers also have a greater amount of rotation ROM to the non-throwing arm side as compared to their throwing side rotation. Because pitchers often present with posterior shoulder tightness and subsequent altered shoulder horizontal adduction and internal rotation ROM, the increase in non-throwing side rotation ROM may occur in response to these adaptations. More specifically, this increase in non-throwing side trunk rotation ROM may allow such athletes to bring the arm across the body during the follow-through phase of the throwing motion despite posterior shoulder tightness. However, future research is necessary to investigate this relationship. Based on these results, clinicians should consider these thoracolumbar ROM adaptations in the prevention, evaluation, and treatment of baseball players.
2b.
引言/背景：最佳的棒球投球动作需要胸腰椎的显著运动贡献，特别是在矢状面和横断面上。这种运动对于将力量从下肢正确传递到上肢至关重要，从而将投球运动员的受伤风险降至最低，并使运动表现最大化。
确定棒球投手和内场手的主动辅助胸腰椎活动度，并比较组内和组间的这些运动。
56名无症状的大学和小联盟棒球投手以及42名内场手自愿参与。使用两个气泡倾角仪在站立位测量主动辅助胸腰椎前屈、后伸和双侧旋转活动度。使用双尾t检验确定投手和内场手之间以及组内活动度的差异。
与内场手相比，投手向非投球手臂侧的旋转明显更多（p = 0.007，效应量 = 0.61）。与投球侧相比，投手向非投球手臂侧的旋转也更多（p = 0.006，效应量 = 0.47）。投手和内场手之间没有其他显著差异（p > 0.53）。此外，内场手没有左右旋转差异（p = 0.99）。
与内场手相比，投手向非投球手臂侧的旋转活动度更大。与投球侧旋转相比，投手向非投球手臂侧的旋转活动度也更大。由于投手经常出现后肩部紧张以及随后肩部水平内收和内旋活动度改变，非投球侧旋转活动度的增加可能是对这些适应性变化的反应。更具体地说，非投球侧躯干旋转活动度的增加可能使此类运动员在投球动作的随挥阶段尽管后肩部紧张仍能将手臂横过身体。然而，需要未来的研究来调查这种关系。基于这些结果，临床医生在棒球运动员的预防、评估和治疗中应考虑这些胸腰椎活动度的适应性变化。
2b。
