Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing, China.
BMC Womens Health. 2014 Jan 10;14:7. doi: 10.1186/1472-6874-14-7.
Chinese menopausal women comprise a large population and the women in it experience menopausal symptoms in many different ways. Their health related quality of life (HRQOL) is not particularly well studied. Our study intends to evaluate the influence of menopause on HRQOL and explore other risk factors for HRQOL in rural China.
An interview study was conducted from June to August 2010 in Beijing based on cross-sectional design. 1,351 women aged 40-59 were included in the study. HRQOL was measured using the EuroQol Group's 5-domain (EQ5D) questionnaire. Comparison of HRQOL measures (EQ5D index and EQ5D-VAS scores) was done between different menopausal groups. Logistic regression and multiple regression analysis were performed to adjust potential confounders and explore other risk factors for health problems and HRQOL measures.
Postmenopausal women who had menopause for 2-5 years (+1b stage) were more likely to suffer mobility problems (OR = 1.835, p = 0.008) after multiple adjustment. Menopause was also related to impaired EQ5D index and EQ5D-VAS scores after adjustment for age. Among menopausal groups categorized by menopausal duration, a consistent decrement in EQ5D index and EQ5D-VAS scores, that is, worsening HRQOL, was observed (p < 0.05). Multiple regression analysis revealed low education level and physical activity were associated with EQ5D index (β = -0.080, p = 0.003, and β = 0.056, p = 0.040, respectively). Cigarette smoking and chronic disease were associated with EQ5D index (β = -0.135, p < 0.001 and β = -0.104, p < 0.001, respectively) and EQ5D-VAS (β = -0.057, P = 0.034 and β = -0.214, p < 0.001, respectively).
Reduction in physical function was found within the first five years after menopause. Worsening EQ5D index and EQ5D-VAS scores were related to menopause. Education level, physical activity, cigarette smoking, and chronic disease history were associated with HRQOL in middle aged Chinese rural women.
中国更年期女性人口众多，其更年期症状表现各异。目前，针对中国农村更年期女性健康相关生命质量（HRQOL）的研究较少。本研究旨在评估更年期对 HRQOL 的影响，并探讨农村地区影响 HRQOL 的其他危险因素。
本研究于 2010 年 6 月至 8 月在北京采用横断面设计进行访谈式研究，共纳入 1351 名 40-59 岁的农村女性。采用欧洲五维健康量表（EQ5D）问卷评估 HRQOL。比较不同更年期组间 HRQOL 测量（EQ5D 指数和 EQ5D-VAS 评分）的差异。采用 Logistic 回归和多元回归分析调整潜在混杂因素，探讨影响健康问题和 HRQOL 测量的其他危险因素。
经多因素调整后，绝经 2-5 年（+1b 期）的绝经后女性更易出现移动问题（OR=1.835，p=0.008）。此外，更年期与 EQ5D 指数和 EQ5D-VAS 评分降低相关。根据绝经持续时间对更年期组进行分类，发现随着绝经时间的延长，EQ5D 指数和 EQ5D-VAS 评分逐渐降低（p<0.05），即 HRQOL 恶化。多元回归分析显示，低教育水平和体力活动与 EQ5D 指数（β=-0.080，p=0.003 和β=0.056，p=0.040）相关。吸烟和慢性疾病与 EQ5D 指数（β=-0.135，p<0.001 和β=-0.104，p<0.001）和 EQ5D-VAS（β=-0.057，p=0.034 和β=-0.214，p<0.001）相关。
绝经后 5 年内发现身体功能下降。EQ5D 指数和 EQ5D-VAS 评分恶化与更年期有关。教育水平、体力活动、吸烟和慢性疾病史与中国农村中年女性的 HRQOL 相关。
