Siljak-Yakovlev Sonja, Pustahija Fatima, Vicic Vedrana, Robin Odile
Laboratory Ecology, Systematic and Evolution, UMR 8079, CNRS-UPS-AgroParisTech, University Paris-Sud, Orsay, France.
Methods Mol Biol. 2014;1115:309-23. doi: 10.1007/978-1-62703-767-9_15.
Fluorochrome banding (chromomycin, Hoechst, and DAPI) and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) are excellent molecular cytogenetic tools providing various possibilities in the study of chromosomal evolution and genome organization. The constitutive heterochromatin and rRNA genes are the most widely used FISH markers. The rDNA is organized into two distinct gene families (18S-5.8S-26S and 5S) whose number and location vary within the complex of closely related species. Therefore, they are widely used as chromosomal landmarks to provide valuable evidence concerning genome evolution at chromosomal levels.
荧光染料显带（放线菌素、Hoechst和DAPI）以及荧光原位杂交（FISH）是出色的分子细胞遗传学工具，为染色体进化和基因组组织研究提供了各种可能性。组成型异染色质和rRNA基因是最广泛使用的FISH标记。rDNA被组织成两个不同的基因家族（18S - 5.8S - 26S和5S），其数量和位置在密切相关物种的复合体中有所不同。因此，它们被广泛用作染色体标记，以提供有关染色体水平基因组进化的有价值证据。
