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World J Microbiol Biotechnol. 1993 May;9(3):366-71. doi: 10.1007/BF00383082.
Alginate-immobilized Zymomonas mobilis cells produced 17.8% (v/v) ethanol in less than 24 h, with an ethanol yield of 97%, compared with 88% for free cells, using a fed-batch cultivation technique. The substrate, glucose, was added intermittently in powder form to foster nucleation of the CO2 formed. Repeated-batch cultivation led to complete utilization of approximately 200 g glucose/l in 7.5 h with a 98% conversion efficiency to ethanol. Free cells used the glucose less efficiently (conversion efficiency of 78%), and even after 100 h the glucose was not fully consumed. Freeze-substitution electron microscopy studies showed that immobilized cells generally displayed lesser blebbing and membrane disruption than free cells. These studies further suggest that membrane blebbing may be due to an effect of high initial glucose levels, and not due to the accumulation of end-products ethanol and CO2.
用分批补料培养技术，固定化运动发酵单胞菌细胞在不到 24 小时内生产了 17.8%（体积/体积）的乙醇，乙醇得率为 97%，而游离细胞的乙醇得率为 88%。以粉末形式间歇添加基质葡萄糖，以促进形成的 CO2 的成核。重复批式培养导致在 7.5 小时内约 200 g 葡萄糖/l 的完全利用，乙醇转化率为 98%。游离细胞利用葡萄糖的效率较低（转化率为 78%），甚至 100 小时后葡萄糖仍未完全消耗。冷冻置换电子显微镜研究表明，与游离细胞相比，固定化细胞通常显示出较少的起泡和膜破裂。这些研究进一步表明，膜起泡可能是由于初始葡萄糖水平高的影响，而不是由于终产物乙醇和 CO2 的积累。
