Hamooleh Marjan Mardani, Borimnejad Leili, Seyedfatemi Naimeh, Tahmasebi Mamak
PhD Candidate in Nursing Education, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Department, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
Assistant Professor, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Nursing Department, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran;
J Med Ethics Hist Med. 2013 Dec 18;6:12. eCollection 2013.
Palliative care is still a topic under discussion in the Iranian healthcare system, and cancer patients require palliative care. Moreover, nursing ethics has an important role in caring for these patients. The purpose of this study was to identify the perception of Iranian nurses regarding ethics-based palliative care in cancer patients. This study was done with a qualitative approach and by using content analysis. In this study, 14 nurses were selected through purposive sampling, and a face-to-face semi structured interview was conducted with each of them. After data collection, all interviews were transcribed and reviewed, and categories were extracted. At first, similarities in meaning were reviewed and based on centralization arranged in sub-categories. Then, relevant sub-categories were arranged in a category after a second review. In general, original categories in the ethics-based palliative care in cancer patients encompass the following: "human dignity", "professional truthfulness" and "altruism". Human dignity has 3 sub-categories consisting of 'respecting patients', 'paying attention to patient values' and 'empathizing'. Professional truthfulness has 2 sub-categories consisting of 'truthful speech' and 'truthful action'. Lastly, altruism has 3 sub-categories consisting of 'complete and multi-dimensional patient acceptance', 'supportive behavior' and 'responsibility'. Content analysis of ethics-based palliative care in cancer patients revealed the required conditions for this type of care based on the perception of nurses. The results of this study suggest that in nurses' point of view, human dignity, professional truthfulness and altruism all have important roles in ethics-based palliative care in cancer. The findings of this study will give nurses a greater knowledge about ethics-based palliative care in cancer patients, leading to a better understanding of the ethical needs of these patients, and may ultimately help improve the nursing practice.
姑息治疗仍是伊朗医疗体系中一个正在讨论的话题，癌症患者需要姑息治疗。此外，护理伦理在照顾这些患者方面发挥着重要作用。本研究的目的是确定伊朗护士对癌症患者基于伦理的姑息治疗的看法。本研究采用定性方法并运用内容分析法。在本研究中，通过目的抽样选取了14名护士，并对他们每人进行了面对面的半结构化访谈。数据收集后，所有访谈都进行了转录和审查，并提取了类别。首先，审查意义上的相似之处，并基于集中化将其安排在子类别中。然后，在第二次审查后将相关子类别安排在一个类别中。总体而言，癌症患者基于伦理的姑息治疗中的原始类别包括以下内容：“人的尊严”、“职业诚信”和“利他主义”。人的尊严有3个子类别，包括“尊重患者”、“关注患者价值观”和“共情”。职业诚信有2个子类别，包括“言语诚实”和“行为诚实”。最后，利他主义有3个子类别，包括“完全和多维度接纳患者”、“支持性行为”和“责任”。对癌症患者基于伦理的姑息治疗的内容分析揭示了基于护士看法的此类护理所需条件。本研究结果表明，在护士看来，人的尊严、职业诚信和利他主义在癌症患者基于伦理的姑息治疗中都发挥着重要作用。本研究结果将使护士对癌症患者基于伦理的姑息治疗有更深入的了解，从而更好地理解这些患者的伦理需求，并最终可能有助于改善护理实践。
