Escobedo Angel A, Almirall Pedro, Alfonso Maydel, Cimerman Sérgio, Chacín-Bonilla Leonor
Academic Paediatric Hospital "Pedro Borrás", Havana 10400, Cuba.
Municipal Centre of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Microbiology, Havana 10400, Cuba.
Acta Trop. 2014 Apr;132:106-11. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2013.12.025. Epub 2014 Jan 14.
Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are often discussed in the context of syphilis, gonorrhea, herpes, chlamydiasis and AIDS. However, since the past 30 years of the last century, epidemiology and natural history studies have led to improved understanding of giardiasis as a STI, as a result of oral-anal sexual contact. Studies suggest that Giardia is an increasingly recognized infection that may be underdiagnosed under the STI context. Health care providers should maintain a high index of suspicion for Giardia, obtain suitable diagnostic tests to identify and screen those at high risk for this infection, institute appropriate therapy, counsel patients regarding treatment compliance, follow-up, encourage partner notification and teach strategies for preventing the transmission of this disease, including the discussion of the risk of enteric infections after oral-anal sexual contact. We summarize some data concerning the research and clinical literature on Giardia infection as a STI and identify the specific recommendations for control of giardiasis as STI that available evidence indicates can reduce its transmission.
性传播感染（STIs）通常在梅毒、淋病、疱疹、衣原体感染和艾滋病的背景下进行讨论。然而，自上世纪过去30年以来，流行病学和自然史研究使人们对贾第虫病作为一种通过口交-肛交性接触传播的性传播感染有了更好的理解。研究表明，贾第虫感染越来越受到认可，但在性传播感染的背景下可能未得到充分诊断。医疗保健提供者应高度怀疑贾第虫感染，进行适当的诊断测试以识别和筛查该感染的高危人群，实施适当的治疗，就治疗依从性、随访向患者提供咨询，鼓励通知性伴侣，并教授预防该疾病传播的策略，包括讨论口交-肛交性接触后肠道感染的风险。我们总结了一些关于贾第虫感染作为性传播感染的研究和临床文献数据，并确定了现有证据表明可减少其传播的针对将贾第虫病作为性传播感染进行控制的具体建议。
