Department of Educational Neuroscience and LEARN! Research Institute for Learning and Education, Faculty of Psychology and Education, VU University Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands; King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, Department of Psychosis Studies, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom.
J Adolesc. 2014 Feb;37(2):175-84. doi: 10.1016/j.adolescence.2013.11.011. Epub 2013 Dec 25.
Changes in social behaviour from childhood to adulthood have been suggested to be driven by an increased sensitivity to others' perspectives. Yet, the link between perspective-taking and social processes, such as trust and reciprocity, has rarely been investigated during adolescence. Using two trust games with a cooperative and an unfair counterpart and an online perspective-taking task with 50 adolescents, we show that those with a higher perspective-taking tendency demonstrate greater trust towards others and higher levels of trust during cooperative interactions. Both low and high perspective-takers adapted their levels of trust in response to unfair behaviour. However, high perspective-takers reduced their trust more drastically and showed more malevolent and less benevolent tit-for-tat when they were treated unfairly by their counterpart. The findings suggest that a higher perspective-taking tendency in adolescence is associated with specific mechanisms of trust and reciprocity, as opposed to undifferentiated increases in positive social behaviour towards others.
从儿童期到成年期，社会行为的变化被认为是由于对他人观点的敏感性增强所致。然而，在青少年时期，很少有人研究换位思考与信任和互惠等社会过程之间的联系。我们使用两个具有合作和不公平对应方的信任游戏以及一个包含 50 名青少年的在线换位思考任务，结果表明，那些具有更高换位思考倾向的人对他人表现出更大的信任，并且在合作互动中表现出更高的信任水平。低视角和高视角的参与者都根据不公平行为调整了自己的信任水平。然而，当他们受到对应方的不公正对待时，高视角的参与者会更急剧地降低他们的信任，并表现出更恶意、更少仁慈的以牙还牙行为。这些发现表明，青少年时期更高的换位思考倾向与信任和互惠的特定机制有关，而不是对他人积极社会行为的无差别增加。
