Aging Research Center (ARC), Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Gävlegatan 16, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden.
Aging Research Center (ARC), Karolinska Institutet-Stockholm University, Gävlegatan 16, 113 30 Stockholm, Sweden; KI-Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden.
Arch Gerontol Geriatr. 2014 May-Jun;58(3):370-5. doi: 10.1016/j.archger.2013.12.004. Epub 2013 Dec 27.
The aim was to study time trends in prevalence of disability in ADL and survival among men and women 78 years and older comparing two cohorts. The study was a time trend study based on two population-based community cohorts, the Nordanstig Project (NP), collected 1995-1998 and the Swedish National Study on Aging and Care in Nordanstig (SNAC-N), collected 2001-2003. The participants were people aged 78 years and older from the NP cohort (N=303) and from the SNAC-N cohort (N=406). All were clinically examined by physicians and nurses using standardized protocols. Disability was defined as a need for assistance in one or more ADL activities. The prevalence of disability and survival were compared using logistic and Cox models. The prevalence of ADL disability was stable for men, while women became more disabled in ADL during the time period, OR 2.36 (1.12-4.94). There was no significant difference in survival time between the cohorts in either ADL disabled persons or non-disabled persons. There was a tendency for increased survival for non-disabled persons in SNAC-N compared with NP, although not significant; this was particularly true for women. In general, women survived longer than men did regardless of whether they were ADL disabled or not. The time trends for ADL disability found in the study show that ADL disability had increased in women but not in men. More studies are needed to identify risk factors for ADL disability with a view to preventing it in time.
目的是研究比较两个队列中 78 岁及以上男性和女性在日常生活活动（ADL）残疾患病率和生存率方面的时间趋势。该研究是一项基于两个基于人群的社区队列的时间趋势研究，即 Nordanstig 项目（NP），收集于 1995-1998 年，以及瑞典全国老龄化和 Nordanstig 护理研究（SNAC-N），收集于 2001-2003 年。参与者为 NP 队列（N=303）和 SNAC-N 队列（N=406）中年龄在 78 岁及以上的人群。所有参与者均由医生和护士使用标准化方案进行临床检查。残疾定义为在一项或多项 ADL 活动中需要帮助。使用逻辑和 Cox 模型比较残疾和生存率。男性的 ADL 残疾患病率保持稳定，而女性在该时间段内 ADL 残疾的患病率增加，OR 2.36（1.12-4.94）。在 ADL 残疾者或非残疾者中，两个队列的生存时间没有显著差异。与 NP 相比，SNAC-N 中无残疾者的生存时间有增加的趋势，但无统计学意义；这在女性中尤其如此。一般来说，无论是否有 ADL 残疾，女性的生存时间都比男性长。研究中发现的 ADL 残疾时间趋势表明，ADL 残疾在女性中有所增加，但在男性中没有。需要进一步研究以确定 ADL 残疾的风险因素，以便及时预防。
