Carvalho T S, Lussi A
Department of Preventive, Restorative and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Department of Preventive, Restorative and Paediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
J Dent. 2014 Apr;42(4):450-9. doi: 10.1016/j.jdent.2014.01.004. Epub 2014 Jan 15.
The aim of this study was to assess the preventive effect of a fluoride-, stannous- and chitosan-containing (F/Sn/chitosan-) toothpaste (TP) on initial enamel erosion and abrasion.
In total, 150 human premolar enamel specimens were ground, polished and divided into 5 toothpaste/rinse groups (n=30): (G1) placebo-TP/tap water, (G2) sodium fluoride (NaF-) TP/tap water, (G3) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/tap water, (G4) F/Sn/chitosan-TP/Sn-rinse, (G5) NaF-TP/NaF-rinse. The 8-day erosion-abrasion cyclic treatment (one cycle/day) consisted of incubating the samples in artificial saliva (30min), then submitting the samples to toothbrush abrasion (2min incubation in toothpaste slurry; brushing with 20 toothbrush strokes) and rinsing (2min; 10ml) with the respective solution: tap water (G1-G3), Sn-rinse (G4) or NaF-rinse (G5). Afterwards, the samples were submitted to erosion (2min; 30ml 1% citric acid, pH=3.6). Surface microhardness (SMH) was measured initially and after every abrasion and erosion treatment. Enamel substance loss was calculated after each abrasion. Non-parametric ANOVA followed by Wilcoxon rank tests were used for analysis.
G1 presented the greatest SMH decrease, while G4 presented the least SMH decrease (p<0.001). G3 had a similar SMH decrease to G2 and G5. Substance loss was significantly lower in G4 than all other groups (p<0.05), closely followed by G3. Both G2 and G5 showed similar calculated enamel substance loss to G1.
The treatment with F/Sn/chitosan-TP and tap water provided a similar SMH decrease to both NaF-TP groups, but significantly lower substance loss. F/Sn/Chitosan-TP and Sn-rinse showed a better preventive effect, which promoted less SMH decrease and reduced substance loss.
The toothpaste containing fluoride, stannous and chitosan shows promising results in reducing substance loss from erosion and abrasion. The combination of this toothpaste with the stannous-containing rinse showed even better prevention against erosion-abrasion.
本研究旨在评估含氟、锡和壳聚糖的牙膏（F/Sn/壳聚糖牙膏）对早期牙釉质侵蚀和磨损的预防效果。
总共150颗人类前磨牙牙釉质标本经过打磨、抛光后分为5个牙膏/漱口水组（每组n = 30）：（G1）安慰剂牙膏/自来水，（G2）氟化钠（NaF）牙膏/自来水，（G3）F/Sn/壳聚糖牙膏/自来水，（G4）F/Sn/壳聚糖牙膏/Sn漱口水，（G5）NaF牙膏/NaF漱口水。为期8天的侵蚀 - 磨损循环处理（每天1个循环）包括将样本置于人工唾液中孵育（30分钟），然后使样本接受牙刷磨损（在牙膏糊剂中孵育2分钟；用牙刷刷20次）并用相应溶液冲洗（2分钟；10毫升）：自来水（G1 - G3）、Sn漱口水（G4）或NaF漱口水（G5）。之后，使样本接受侵蚀处理（2分钟；30毫升1%柠檬酸，pH = 3.6）。在初始阶段以及每次磨损和侵蚀处理后测量表面显微硬度（SMH）。每次磨损后计算牙釉质物质流失量。采用非参数方差分析并随后进行Wilcoxon秩检验进行分析。
G1组的SMH下降幅度最大，而G4组的SMH下降幅度最小（p < 0.001）。G3组的SMH下降幅度与G2组和G5组相似。G4组的物质流失量显著低于所有其他组（p < 0.05），其次是G3组。G2组和G5组计算得出的牙釉质物质流失量与G1组相似。
使用F/Sn/壳聚糖牙膏和自来水处理后的SMH下降幅度与两个NaF牙膏组相似，但物质流失量显著更低。F/Sn/壳聚糖牙膏和Sn漱口水显示出更好的预防效果，其导致的SMH下降幅度更小且物质流失量减少。
含氟、锡和壳聚糖的牙膏在减少侵蚀和磨损导致的物质流失方面显示出有前景的结果。这种牙膏与含锡漱口水联合使用对侵蚀 - 磨损的预防效果更佳。
