与智利南部农村和城市社区啮齿动物存在和钩端螺旋体感染相关的家庭特征。
Household characteristics associated with rodent presence and Leptospira infection in rural and urban communities from Southern Chile.
机构信息
Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Instituto de Patología Animal, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile; Conservation Biology Graduate Program, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.
出版信息
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2014 Mar;90(3):497-506. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0334. Epub 2014 Jan 20.
Rodents are well-recognized reservoirs of Leptospira, contributing to its maintenance in endemic areas and playing a role in the public health risk associated with the infection. This study sought to provide some insights into rodent populations from Chile and their Leptospira carriage. In total, 393 rodents were trapped in 177 households. Higher rodent counts were associated with year 2 of the study, rainfall, and number of rodent signs. There was an inverse correlation with the number of cats. The number of rodents was higher in villages compared with slums (rate ratio = 3.23) but modified by average household age. Eighty rodents (20.4%) tested positive for Leptospira: 19.7% on the farms, 25.9% in villages, and 12.3% in the slums. Prevalence was 22.5% in Mus musculus, 20.7% in Rattus rattus, 21.1% in wild rodents, and 10.3% in R. norvegicus. Seasonal and temporal effects were the major determinants of Leptospira infection in rodent populations.
啮齿动物是钩端螺旋体的公认宿主，有助于其在地方性地区的维持，并在与感染相关的公共卫生风险中发挥作用。本研究旨在深入了解智利的啮齿动物种群及其携带的钩端螺旋体。总共在 177 户家庭中捕获了 393 只啮齿动物。研究的第二年、降雨量和啮齿动物数量与啮齿动物数量增加有关。与猫的数量呈负相关。与贫民窟相比，村庄的啮齿动物数量更多（比率比 = 3.23），但受家庭平均年龄的影响。80 只啮齿动物（20.4%）对钩端螺旋体呈阳性：农场 19.7%，村庄 25.9%，贫民窟 12.3%。Mus musculus 的患病率为 22.5%，Rattus rattus 为 20.7%，野生啮齿动物为 21.1%，R. norvegicus 为 10.3%。季节性和时间性效应是啮齿动物种群中钩端螺旋体感染的主要决定因素。
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