Environmental Health Institute, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #13-00, Singapore, 228231, Singapore.
Environmental Public Health Operations Group, National Environment Agency, 40 Scotts Road, Environment Building, #13-00, Singapore, 228231, Singapore.
Sci Rep. 2023 Feb 21;13(1):3070. doi: 10.1038/s41598-023-29405-2.
Refuse storage and collection systems are potential sources of food and harbourage areas for rodents which transmit pathogens. We examined the factors associated with rodent activity in public housing municipal waste collection premises in a highly urbanized city-state. We analysed data from April 2019 to March 2020 in mixed-effects logistic regression models to examine the independent factors associated with rodent activity in central refuse chute rooms (CRCs), individual refuse chute (IRC) bin chambers and bin centres. We accounted for within-year patterns, repeated measures and nested effects. We observed a heterogeneous spatial distribution of rodent activity. Rodent droppings were strongly associated with rodent activity in CRCs (aOR: 6.20, 95% CI: 4.20-9.15), bin centres (aOR: 3.61, 95% CI: 1.70-7.64) and IRC bin chambers (aOR: 90.84, 95% CI: 70.13-117.67). Gnaw marks were positively associated with rodent activity in CRCs (aOR: 5.61, 95% CI: 3.55-8.97) and IRC bin chambers (aOR: 2.05, 95% CI: 1.43-2.95), as were rub marks in CRCs (aOR: 5.04, 95% CI: 3.44-7.37) and IRC bin chambers (aOR: 3.07, 95% CI: 1.74-5.42). Each burrow increased the odds of rodent sightings in bin centres (aOR: 1.03, 95% CI: 1.00-1.06). The odds of rodent sightings in an IRC bin chamber increased with every additional bin chute chamber within the same block (aOR: 1.04, 95% CI: 1.01-1.07). We identified several factors that well predicted rodent activity in waste collection premises. Municipal estate managers with limited resources can adopt a risk-based approach in tailoring the focus of their rodent control interventions.
废物储存和收集系统是传播病原体的啮齿动物的食物和栖息地的潜在来源。我们研究了在高度城市化的城市国家的公共住房市政废物收集场所与啮齿动物活动相关的因素。我们分析了 2019 年 4 月至 2020 年 3 月的数据，使用混合效应逻辑回归模型来检验与中央垃圾滑槽室（CRC）、单个垃圾滑槽（IRC）垃圾箱室和垃圾箱中心啮齿动物活动相关的独立因素。我们考虑了年内模式、重复测量和嵌套效应。我们观察到啮齿动物活动的空间分布不均匀。鼠粪与 CRC（优势比[OR]：6.20，95%置信区间[CI]：4.20-9.15）、垃圾箱中心（OR：3.61，95%CI：1.70-7.64）和 IRC 垃圾箱室（OR：90.84，95%CI：70.13-117.67）的啮齿动物活动密切相关。咬痕与 CRC（OR：5.61，95%CI：3.55-8.97）和 IRC 垃圾箱室（OR：2.05，95%CI：1.43-2.95）啮齿动物活动呈正相关，CRC（OR：5.04，95%CI：3.44-7.37）和 IRC 垃圾箱室（OR：3.07，95%CI：1.74-5.42）的摩擦痕迹也呈正相关。每个洞穴都增加了在垃圾箱中心发现啮齿动物的几率（OR：1.03，95%CI：1.00-1.06）。在 IRC 垃圾箱室中，每增加一个同一街区内的其他垃圾滑槽室，发现啮齿动物的几率就会增加（OR：1.04，95%CI：1.01-1.07）。我们确定了几个很好地预测废物收集场所啮齿动物活动的因素。资源有限的市政物业经理可以采用基于风险的方法，调整其啮齿动物控制干预的重点。
