Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands.
Department of Psychology, City University London, London EC1V 0HB, UK.
J Exp Child Psychol. 2014 May;121:28-41. doi: 10.1016/j.jecp.2013.11.019. Epub 2014 Jan 20.
We found evidence that the usual developmental trends in children's spontaneous false memories were eliminated using novel stimuli containing obvious themes. That is, children created more false memories than adults when scenes needed to be remembered. In Experiment 1, 7- and 8-year-olds had higher false memory rates than adults when using visual scenes. Experiment 2 showed that gist cuing could not account for this effect. In Experiment 3, children and adults received visual scenes and story contexts in which these scenes were embedded. For both types of stimuli, we found that children had the highest false memory rates. Our results indicate that the underlying theme of these scenes is easily identified, resulting in our developmental false memory trend.
我们发现，使用包含明显主题的新颖刺激物可以消除儿童自发产生错误记忆的常见发展趋势。也就是说，当需要记住场景时，儿童比成人产生的错误记忆更多。在实验 1 中，使用视觉场景时，7 岁和 8 岁的儿童比成人产生的错误记忆率更高。实验 2 表明，主旨提示不能解释这种效应。在实验 3 中，儿童和成人接受了视觉场景和故事背景，这些场景都嵌入其中。对于这两种类型的刺激，我们发现儿童的错误记忆率最高。我们的结果表明，这些场景的潜在主题很容易被识别，从而导致了我们的发展错误记忆趋势。
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