Direction régionale de la Jeunesse et des Sports de Lorraine , BP 69, 54139 Saint-Max, France.
J Sports Sci Med. 2005 Sep 1;4(3):272-7.
The aim of this study was to gather information into the principal methods and means employed to supply adolescents with doping agents and others substances used to improve their sporting performance. We conducted a nation wide study in France among adolescent athletes, using a self-completed questionnaire. Exploitable questionnaires (n = 6402) were returned, corresponding to 48.9% for the girls and 51.1% for the boys, both aged on average from 16.1 ± 2.2 years. These adolescents practise on average 10.0 ± 5.2 hours of sport per week. 21.9% participate on a national or international competition level. Of our respondents, 4.0% (95% confidence interval: 3.5% - 4.5%) say they have been enticed into using products which are prohibited for athletes. 10.3% of the adolescents say that they have received substances to improve their performance at least once from an average of two different people. It was mostly a friend, their parents and the family doctor. On average, in 33.2% of the cases, the adolescent received the product without asking for it, and in nearly half the cases (46.6%), the adolescent paid for the product. We feel that it is necessary to better understand the ways in which this black market functions: for example; the initial sources of the products sold, the number and the 'profiles' of the dealers, the general organisation of the market and the sums of money involved. Key PointsThis study confirms the existence of a 'black market' for products to improve performance, which is directed at adolescent athletes engaged in high-level competitions.This market is characterized by its ease of accessibility and also the diversity of its 'suppliers', the two main sources being friends and parents.
这项研究的目的是收集有关向青少年提供兴奋剂和其他用于提高运动成绩的物质的主要方法和手段的信息。我们在法国全国范围内对青少年运动员进行了一项研究，使用了自我完成的问卷。可利用的问卷（n=6402），女孩的回复率为 48.9%，男孩的回复率为 51.1%，平均年龄为 16.1±2.2 岁。这些青少年每周平均进行 10.0±5.2 小时的运动。21.9%的人参加国家或国际比赛。在我们的受访者中，4.0%（95%置信区间：3.5%-4.5%）表示他们曾被引诱使用运动员禁用的产品。10.3%的青少年表示，他们至少从两个人那里收到过提高成绩的物质，平均每人收到两种物质。这些人大多是朋友、父母和家庭医生。平均而言，在 33.2%的情况下，青少年是在没有要求的情况下收到产品的，近一半（46.6%）的情况下，青少年为产品付费。我们认为有必要更好地了解这个黑市的运作方式：例如，销售产品的初始来源、经销商的数量和“类型”、市场的总体组织以及涉及的金额。要点本研究证实了存在一个针对从事高水平比赛的青少年运动员的提高成绩产品的“黑市”。该市场的特点是易于进入，其“供应商”也多种多样，主要来源是朋友和父母。
