Ford C P
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4970, United States; Department of Neurosciences, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, 10900 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44106-4970, United States.
Neuroscience. 2014 Dec 12;282:13-22. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2014.01.025. Epub 2014 Jan 23.
Dopamine D2-autoreceptors play a key role in regulating the activity of dopamine neurons and control the synthesis, release and uptake of dopamine. These Gi/o-coupled inhibitory receptors play a major part in shaping dopamine transmission. Found at both somatodendritic and axonal sites, autoreceptors regulate the firing patterns of dopamine neurons and control the timing and amount of dopamine released from their terminals in target regions. Alterations in the expression and activity of autoreceptors are thought to contribute to Parkinson's disease as well as schizophrenia, drug addiction and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), which emphasizes the importance of D2-autoreceptors in regulating the dopamine system. This review will summarize the cellular actions of dopamine autoreceptors and discuss recent advances that have furthered our understanding of the mechanisms by which D2-receptors control dopamine transmission.
多巴胺D2自身受体在调节多巴胺能神经元的活动以及控制多巴胺的合成、释放和摄取方面发挥着关键作用。这些与Gi/o偶联的抑制性受体在塑造多巴胺传递过程中起主要作用。自身受体存在于树突体和轴突部位，调节多巴胺能神经元的放电模式，并控制多巴胺从其在靶区域的终末释放的时间和量。自身受体表达和活性的改变被认为与帕金森病、精神分裂症、药物成瘾和注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）有关，这突出了D2自身受体在调节多巴胺系统中的重要性。本综述将总结多巴胺自身受体的细胞作用，并讨论最近的进展，这些进展加深了我们对D2受体控制多巴胺传递机制的理解。
