3B's Research Group - Biomaterials, Biodegradables and Biomimetics, University of Minho, AvePark, Zona Industrial da Gandra, S. Cláudio do Barco, 4806-909, Caldas das Taipas - Guimarães, Portugal; ICVS/3B's, PT Government Associated Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2014 Jun;3(6):797-810. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201300603. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
Engineered cell instructive microenvironments with the ability to stimulate specific cellular responses are a topic of high interest in the fabrication and development of biomaterials for application in tissue engineering. Cells are inherently sensitive to the in vivo microenvironment that is often designed as the cell "niche." The cell "niche" comprising the extracellular matrix and adjacent cells, influences not only cell architecture and mechanics, but also cell polarity and function. Extensive research has been performed to establish new tools to fabricate biomimetic advanced materials for tissue engineering that incorporate structural, mechanical, and biochemical signals that interact with cells in a controlled manner and to recapitulate the in vivo dynamic microenvironment. Bioactive tunable microenvironments using micro and nanofabrication have been successfully developed and proven to be extremely powerful to control intracellular signaling and cell function. This Review is focused in the assortment of biochemical signals that have been explored to fabricate bioactive cell microenvironments and the main technologies and chemical strategies to encode them in engineered biomaterials with biological information.
具有刺激特定细胞反应能力的工程化细胞指令性微环境是生物材料制造和开发的一个热门研究课题，可应用于组织工程。细胞对体内微环境非常敏感，通常将其设计为细胞“生态位”。细胞“生态位”包括细胞外基质和相邻细胞，不仅影响细胞的结构和力学特性，还影响细胞的极性和功能。已经进行了广泛的研究，以建立新的工具来制造仿生先进材料用于组织工程，这些材料整合了结构、机械和生化信号，以可控的方式与细胞相互作用，并再现体内动态微环境。使用微纳加工技术已经成功开发出了具有生物活性的可调微环境，并且已被证明对控制细胞内信号和细胞功能非常有效。这篇综述主要关注了为构建具有生物活性的细胞微环境而探索的各种生化信号，以及将这些信号编码到具有生物信息的工程化生物材料中的主要技术和化学策略。
