PhD Course in Surgical Biotechnology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Palermo, via Trabucco 180, 90146 Palermo; Ospedale San Raffaele - Giglio, Gastroenterology and Endoscopy Unit, Cefalù, Italy.
Saudi J Gastroenterol. 2014 Jan-Feb;20(1):26-38. doi: 10.4103/1319-3767.126314.
Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have an increased risk of developing intestinal cancer. The magnitude of that increased risk as well as how best to mitigate it remain a topic of ongoing investigation in the field. It is important to quantify the risk of colorectal cancer in association with IBD. The reported risk varies widely between studies. This is partly due to the different methodologies used in the studies. Because of the limitations of surveillance strategies based on the detection of dysplasia, advanced endoscopic imaging and techniques involving the detection of alterations in mucosal antigens and genetic abnormalities are being investigated. Development of new biomarkers, predicting future occurrence of colonic neoplasia may lead to more biomarker-based surveillance. There are promising results that may lead to more efficient surveillance in IBD patients and more general acceptance of its use. A multidisciplinary approach, involving in particular endoscopists and pathologists, together with a centralized patient management, could help to optimize treatments and follow-up measures, both of which could help to reduce the IBD-associated cancer risk.
炎症性肠病（IBD）患者发生肠道癌的风险增加。这种风险的程度以及如何最好地降低这种风险仍然是该领域正在进行的研究课题。重要的是要量化与 IBD 相关的结直肠癌风险。报告的风险在不同的研究中差异很大。这部分是由于研究中使用的不同方法学。由于基于检测异型增生的监测策略的局限性，正在研究先进的内镜成像和涉及检测粘膜抗原和遗传异常改变的技术。开发预测未来结肠肿瘤发生的新型生物标志物可能会导致更多基于生物标志物的监测。有一些有前途的结果可能会导致 IBD 患者的监测更有效，并且更普遍地接受其使用。多学科方法，特别是涉及内镜医生和病理学家，以及集中的患者管理，可以帮助优化治疗和随访措施，这两者都有助于降低 IBD 相关的癌症风险。
