School of Psychology, Cognition Institute, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
School of Psychology, Cognition Institute, Plymouth University, Drake Circus, Plymouth PL4 8AA, UK.
Appetite. 2014 May;76:161-5. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2014.01.073. Epub 2014 Feb 5.
Elaborated Intrusion Theory (EI) postulates that imagery is central to craving, therefore a visually based task should decrease craving and craving imagery. This study provides the first laboratory test of this hypothesis in naturally occurring, rather than artificially induced, cravings. Participants reported if they were experiencing a craving and rated the strength, vividness and intrusiveness of their craving. They then either played 'Tetris' or they waited for a computer program to load (they were told it would load, but it was designed not to). Before task completion, craving scores between conditions did not differ; after, however, participants who had played 'Tetris' had significantly lower craving and less vivid craving imagery. The findings support EI theory, showing that a visuospatial working memory load reduces naturally occurring cravings, and that Tetris might be a useful task for tackling cravings outside the laboratory. Methodologically, the findings show that craving can be studied in the laboratory without using craving induction procedures.
精细化入侵理论（EI）假设意象在渴望中起核心作用，因此基于视觉的任务应该会降低渴望和渴望意象。本研究首次在自然发生的而不是人为诱导的渴望中对这一假设进行了实验室检验。参与者报告他们是否有渴望，并对渴望的强度、生动性和侵入性进行评分。然后，他们要么玩“俄罗斯方块”，要么等待计算机程序加载（他们被告知程序会加载，但实际上是设计成不会加载的）。在任务完成之前，两种情况下的渴望评分没有差异；然而，玩“俄罗斯方块”的参与者的渴望程度明显降低，渴望意象也不那么生动。研究结果支持 EI 理论，表明视觉空间工作记忆负荷会降低自然发生的渴望，而玩“俄罗斯方块”可能是在实验室外解决渴望的一种有用任务。从方法学上讲，这些发现表明，无需使用渴望诱导程序，就可以在实验室中研究渴望。
