Knackstedt Christian, Schmidt Klaus, Syrocki Lukas, Lang Andreas, Bjarnason-Wehrens Birna, Hildebrandt Ursula, Predel Hans-Georg
Department of Cardiology, Maastricht University Medical Center, PO Box 5800, 6202 AZ, Maastricht, The Netherlands,
Heart Vessels. 2015 May;30(3):369-78. doi: 10.1007/s00380-014-0481-z. Epub 2014 Feb 9.
There is some evidence that long-term high-intensity endurance training might be associated with deterioration in cardiac function and might impose a potential risk for cardiovascular events. Thus, the intention was to retrospectively evaluate the cardiac status in former endurance athletes, particularly right ventricular (RV) dimension and function, to reveal potential cardiac damage. A group of 12 former world-class swimmers (45 ± 1.5 years) was examined 24.9 ± 4.3 years after cessation of high-intensity endurance training. They underwent history taking, physical examination, ECG, exercise testing and echocardiography. Furthermore, functional and echocardiography data that were also available from former evaluations were included in the analysis. There was a significant decline in exercise capacity. LV function was normal with a decrease in septal thickness to 9.1 ± 1.3 (p < 0.05) and LV diastolic diameter to 48.9 ± 5.6 (p < 0.05). Still, there was a remaining septal hypertrophy. RV function was 55.3 ± 4.2% and there were normal RV dimensions adjusted for body surface area. 25 years after the cessation of endurance training there was a normal RV and LV function with a normalization of almost all diameters, still there was a mild LV hypertrophy in some athletes. Consequently, no relevant long-term cardiac remodeling after intensive endurance training was depicted in this group of athletes.
有证据表明，长期高强度耐力训练可能与心脏功能恶化有关，并可能带来心血管事件的潜在风险。因此，本研究旨在回顾性评估前耐力运动员的心脏状况，特别是右心室（RV）的大小和功能，以揭示潜在的心脏损伤。对一组12名前世界级游泳运动员（45±1.5岁）在停止高强度耐力训练24.9±4.3年后进行了检查。他们接受了病史采集、体格检查、心电图、运动测试和超声心动图检查。此外，分析还纳入了之前评估中获得的功能和超声心动图数据。运动能力显著下降。左心室（LV）功能正常，室间隔厚度降至9.1±1.3（p<0.05），左心室舒张直径降至48.9±5.6（p<0.05）。不过，仍存在室间隔肥厚。右心室功能为55.3±4.2%，根据体表面积调整后的右心室大小正常。耐力训练停止25年后，右心室和左心室功能正常，几乎所有直径均恢复正常，但仍有部分运动员存在轻度左心室肥厚。因此，在这组运动员中未发现高强度耐力训练后有相关的长期心脏重塑情况。
