Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge.
Department of Environmental Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Washington DC.
Am J Prev Med. 2014 Mar;46(3 Suppl 1):S42-51. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2013.10.035.
The workplace is an important domain for adults, and many effective interventions targeting physical activity and weight reduction have been implemented in the workplace. However, the U.S. workforce is aging, and few studies have examined the relationship of BMI, physical activity, and age as they relate to workplace characteristics.
This paper reports on the distribution of physical activity and BMI by age in a population of hospital-based healthcare workers and investigates the relationships among workplace characteristics, physical activity, and BMI.
Data from a survey of patient care workers in two large academic hospitals in the Boston area were collected in late 2009 and analyzed in early 2013.
In multivariate models, workers reporting greater decision latitude (OR=1.02, 95% CI=1.01, 1.03) and job flexibility (OR=1.05, 95% CI=1.01, 1.10) reported greater physical activity. Overweight and obesity increased with age (p<0.01), even after adjusting for workplace characteristics. Sleep deficiency (OR=1.56, 95% CI=1.15, 2.12) and workplace harassment (OR=1.62, 95% CI=1.20, 2.18) were also associated with obesity.
These findings underscore the persistent impact of the work environment for workers of all ages. Based on these results, programs or policies aimed at improving the work environment, especially decision latitude, job flexibility, and workplace harassment should be included in the design of worksite-based health promotion interventions targeting physical activity or obesity.
工作场所是成年人的重要领域，许多针对身体活动和减肥的有效干预措施已经在工作场所实施。然而，美国劳动力正在老龄化，很少有研究调查 BMI、身体活动与年龄之间的关系，以及它们与工作场所特征的关系。
本文报告了医院医护人员人群中身体活动和 BMI 按年龄的分布情况，并调查了工作场所特征、身体活动和 BMI 之间的关系。
2009 年末在波士顿地区的两家大型学术医院收集了针对患者护理工作者的调查数据，并于 2013 年初进行了分析。
在多变量模型中，报告具有更大决策自主权（OR=1.02，95%CI=1.01，1.03）和工作灵活性（OR=1.05，95%CI=1.01，1.10）的工人报告了更多的身体活动。超重和肥胖随着年龄的增长而增加（p<0.01），即使在调整了工作场所特征后也是如此。睡眠不足（OR=1.56，95%CI=1.15，2.12）和工作场所骚扰（OR=1.62，95%CI=1.20，2.18）也与肥胖有关。
这些发现强调了工作环境对所有年龄段工人的持续影响。基于这些结果，旨在改善工作环境的计划或政策，特别是决策自主权、工作灵活性和工作场所骚扰，应纳入针对身体活动或肥胖的基于工作场所的健康促进干预措施的设计中。
