School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Queensland, 4072, Australia.
Nat Rev Genet. 2014 Mar;15(3):193-204. doi: 10.1038/nrg3520. Epub 2014 Feb 11.
Short open reading frames (sORFs) are a common feature of all genomes, but their coding potential has mostly been disregarded, partly because of the difficulty in determining whether these sequences are translated. Recent innovations in computing, proteomics and high-throughput analyses of translation start sites have begun to address this challenge and have identified hundreds of putative coding sORFs. The translation of some of these has been confirmed, although the contribution of their peptide products to cellular functions remains largely unknown. This Review examines this hitherto overlooked component of the proteome and considers potential roles for sORF-encoded peptides.
短开放阅读框 (sORFs) 是所有基因组的共同特征，但它们的编码潜力在很大程度上被忽视了，部分原因是难以确定这些序列是否被翻译。最近在计算、蛋白质组学和翻译起始位点的高通量分析方面的创新已经开始解决这一挑战，并鉴定了数百个推定的编码 sORFs。其中一些的翻译已经得到证实，尽管它们的肽产物对细胞功能的贡献在很大程度上仍然未知。本综述考察了蛋白质组中这个迄今为止被忽视的组成部分，并考虑了 sORF 编码肽的潜在作用。
