Bayat Fatemeh, Shojaeezadeh Davoud, Baikpour Masoud, Heshmat Ramin, Baikpour Maryam, Hosseini Mostafa
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2013 Oct 28;12(1):45. doi: 10.1186/2251-6581-12-45.
Type II diabetes and its complications impose a large economic burden on health care systems. This study aims to assess the effectiveness of educational intervention based on extended health belief model on type 2 diabetic patients.
120 patients with type II diabetes referring to randomly selected hospitals of Tehran University of Medical Sciences were enrolled in this educational intervention study. Patients were randomly divided into two groups (intervention and control). Data were collected using a questionnaire including demographic information and extended health belief model constructs. Two face to face educational sessions were conducted for each patient. Data were collected in two groups at three stages of the study; before the educational sessions and at 3 months and 6 months intervals. Analysis was performed by SPSS (17.0) and STATA (11.0) using independent T-test, Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, analysis of covariance and Generalized Estimating Equation. A p value of less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant.
The educational program had a positive and significant impact (p < 0.0001) on extended health model belief constructs (including perceived susceptibility, perceived intensity, perceived benefits, perceived barriers and self-efficacy) in experimental group, 3 and 6 months after the intervention.
The results of this study showed the importance of extended health belief model based education in improving the model constructs and increasing self-efficacy in patients with type-2 diabetes.
2型糖尿病及其并发症给医疗保健系统带来了巨大的经济负担。本研究旨在评估基于扩展健康信念模型的教育干预对2型糖尿病患者的有效性。
120名转诊至德黑兰医科大学随机选择医院的2型糖尿病患者参与了这项教育干预研究。患者被随机分为两组（干预组和对照组）。使用包括人口统计学信息和扩展健康信念模型结构的问卷收集数据。为每位患者进行了两次面对面的教育课程。在研究的三个阶段收集两组的数据；教育课程前以及间隔3个月和6个月时。使用独立样本t检验、卡方检验、费舍尔精确检验、协方差分析和广义估计方程，通过SPSS（17.0）和STATA（11.0）进行分析。p值小于0.05被视为具有统计学意义。
在干预后3个月和6个月时，教育项目对实验组扩展健康模型信念结构（包括感知易感性、感知严重性、感知益处、感知障碍和自我效能）产生了积极且显著的影响（p < 0.0001）。
本研究结果表明，基于扩展健康信念模型的教育对于改善2型糖尿病患者的模型结构和提高自我效能具有重要意义。
