Spotorno Sara, Malcolm George L, Tatler Benjamin W
School of Psychology, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK.
J Vis. 2014 Feb 11;14(2):7. doi: 10.1167/14.2.7.
This study investigated how the visual system utilizes context and task information during the different phases of a visual search task. The specificity of the target template (the picture or the name of the target) and the plausibility of target position in real-world scenes were manipulated orthogonally. Our findings showed that both target template information and guidance of spatial context are utilized to guide eye movements from the beginning of scene inspection. In both search initiation and subsequent scene scanning, the availability of a specific visual template was particularly useful when the spatial context of the scene was misleading and the availability of a reliable scene context facilitated search mainly when the template was abstract. Target verification was affected principally by the level of detail of target template, and was quicker in the case of a picture cue. The results indicate that the visual system can utilize target template guidance and context guidance flexibly from the beginning of scene inspection, depending upon the amount and the quality of the available information supplied by either of these high-level sources. This allows for optimization of oculomotor behavior throughout the different phases of search within a real-world scene.
本研究调查了视觉系统在视觉搜索任务的不同阶段如何利用上下文和任务信息。正交操纵目标模板的特异性（目标的图片或名称）以及目标位置在现实世界场景中的合理性。我们的研究结果表明，从场景检查开始，目标模板信息和空间上下文引导都被用于引导眼球运动。在搜索启动和随后的场景扫描中，当场景的空间上下文具有误导性时，特定视觉模板的可用性特别有用，而当模板抽象时，可靠场景上下文的可用性主要促进搜索。目标验证主要受目标模板细节程度的影响，在图片提示的情况下更快。结果表明，视觉系统可以从场景检查开始就根据这些高级来源提供的可用信息的数量和质量，灵活地利用目标模板引导和上下文引导。这允许在现实世界场景中的搜索不同阶段优化眼动行为。
