Honda Hidehito, Matsuka Toshihiko
Digital Content and Media Sciences Division, National Institute of Informatics, 2-1-2 Hitotsubashi, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo, 101-8430, Japan,
Mem Cognit. 2014 Jul;42(5):768-79. doi: 10.3758/s13421-014-0399-9.
In this article, we examine conversational behaviors when people describe the outcomes of uncertain events. We propose a new hypothesis, frame choice based on rarity information, that is built on the basis of one prominent measure of informativeness (i.e., self-information). The hypothesis predicts that when speakers can choose one of two logically equivalent frames for describing the outcome of an uncertain event (e.g., the results of the roll of a die or a medical operation), they prefer the frame denoting an event that is known or perceived to be rare. Four experiments using frame choice tasks provide evidence that speakers' choice of frame is explained well by the rarity hypothesis.
在本文中，我们研究了人们在描述不确定事件结果时的对话行为。我们提出了一个新的假设，即基于稀有性信息的框架选择，该假设是基于一种突出的信息量度（即自信息）构建的。该假设预测，当说话者可以选择两个逻辑等价的框架之一来描述不确定事件的结果时（例如，掷骰子的结果或医疗手术的结果），他们会更喜欢表示已知或被认为稀有的事件的框架。四项使用框架选择任务的实验提供了证据，表明说话者对框架的选择可以很好地由稀有性假设来解释。
