Ruiz de Gauna Sofia, Irusta Unai, Ruiz Jesus, Ayala Unai, Aramendi Elisabete, Eftestøl Trygve
Communications Engineering Department, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Alameda Urquijo S/N, 48013 Bilbao, Spain.
Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Stavanger, 4036 Stavanger, Norway.
Biomed Res Int. 2014;2014:386010. doi: 10.1155/2014/386010. Epub 2014 Jan 9.
Survival from out-of-hospital cardiac arrest depends largely on two factors: early cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) and early defibrillation. CPR must be interrupted for a reliable automated rhythm analysis because chest compressions induce artifacts in the ECG. Unfortunately, interrupting CPR adversely affects survival. In the last twenty years, research has been focused on designing methods for analysis of ECG during chest compressions. Most approaches are based either on adaptive filters to remove the CPR artifact or on robust algorithms which directly diagnose the corrupted ECG. In general, all the methods report low specificity values when tested on short ECG segments, but how to evaluate the real impact on CPR delivery of continuous rhythm analysis during CPR is still unknown. Recently, researchers have proposed a new methodology to measure this impact. Moreover, new strategies for fast rhythm analysis during ventilation pauses or high-specificity algorithms have been reported. Our objective is to present a thorough review of the field as the starting point for these late developments and to underline the open questions and future lines of research to be explored in the following years.
早期心肺复苏（CPR）和早期除颤。由于胸部按压会在心电图（ECG）中产生伪迹，因此必须中断CPR以进行可靠的自动节律分析。不幸的是，中断CPR会对存活产生不利影响。在过去的二十年中，研究一直集中在设计胸部按压期间心电图分析的方法上。大多数方法要么基于自适应滤波器来去除CPR伪迹，要么基于直接诊断受损心电图的稳健算法。一般来说，所有这些方法在短心电图片段上进行测试时都报告了较低的特异性值，但如何评估CPR期间连续节律分析对CPR实施的实际影响仍然未知。最近，研究人员提出了一种新的方法来衡量这种影响。此外，还报道了在通气暂停期间进行快速节律分析的新策略或高特异性算法。我们的目标是对该领域进行全面综述，作为这些最新进展的起点，并强调未来几年有待探索的开放性问题和研究方向。
