Federal Department of Economic Affairs, Education and Research EAER, Research Station Agroscope Changins-Wädenswil ACW Wädenswil, Switzerland.
Institute of Genomic and Systems Biology, Argonne National Laboratory Argonne, IL, USA.
Front Microbiol. 2014 Jan 31;4:383. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2013.00383. eCollection 2013.
Streptomycin has been authorized for restricted use in the prevention of the fire blight disease of pome fruit orchards in the EU and Switzerland. This study addresses the important topic of the influence of the use of streptomycin in agriculture on the total bacteria community within the soil ecosystem. Soil samples were taken from soils under apple trees, prior to streptomycin application and 2 weeks post streptomycin application or water application (untreated control). High throughput 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing was used to generate datasets from the soils under apple trees in apple orchards from three different locations in Switzerland. We hypothesized that the use of streptomycin would reduce the bacterial diversity within the soil samples and enhance a reduction in the variety of taxa present. Bacterial species such as Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas are intrinsically resistant to many antibiotics and as such it is of interest to investigate if the use of streptomycin provided a selective advantage for these bacteria in the soil ecosystem. The application of streptomycin did not influence the abundance and diversities of major bacteria taxa of the soils or the Pseudomonas, Burkholderia, and Stenotrophomonas species. We also discovered that apple orchards under the same management practices, did not harbor the same bacterial communities. The restricted application of streptomycin in the protection of apple orchards from the fire blight pathogen Erwinia amylovora under the guidelines in Switzerland did not alter either the bacterial diversity or abundance within these soil ecosystems.
链霉素已获准在欧盟和瑞士的核果果园中用于预防火疫病。本研究涉及农业中使用链霉素对土壤生态系统中总细菌群落的影响这一重要主题。在苹果树的土壤中，在施用链霉素之前和施用链霉素或水（未处理对照）后 2 周采集土壤样本。高通量 16S rRNA 基因扩增子测序用于从瑞士三个不同地点的苹果园中苹果树下的土壤中生成数据集。我们假设，使用链霉素会降低土壤样本中的细菌多样性，并增强存在的分类群的减少。假单胞菌、伯克霍尔德氏菌和寡养单胞菌等细菌物种对许多抗生素具有内在抗性，因此，研究链霉素在土壤生态系统中是否为这些细菌提供了选择性优势是很有意义的。链霉素的使用并未影响土壤中主要细菌类群的丰度和多样性，也未影响假单胞菌、伯克霍尔德氏菌和寡养单胞菌的种类。我们还发现，在相同管理实践下的苹果园中，并没有相同的细菌群落。根据瑞士的指导方针，在保护苹果园免受火疫病病原体韧皮部杆菌的侵害时，限制使用链霉素并没有改变这些土壤生态系统中的细菌多样性或丰度。
