Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA/SAA), Polo Regional Centro-Oeste, Av, Rodrigues Alves, 40-40, Bauru SP CEP 17030-000, Brazil.
J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2014 Feb 24;20(1):5. doi: 10.1186/1678-9199-20-5.
This study aimed to evaluate the occurrence of Leishmania spp. in dogs and cats from Botucatu, São Paulo state, and Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul state, Brazil, by the association of three diagnostic tests: blood culture in liver infusion tryptose medium, immunofluorescent antibody test and polymerase chain reaction. Fifty blood samples of dogs and cats from the Center for Zoonosis Control in Campo Grande, an area endemic for canine visceral leishmaniasis, were collected randomly, as well as canine and feline blood samples from the Municipal Kennel and Animal Protection Association in Botucatu, currently considered a transmission-free, non-endemic area.
Of the 50 dog blood cultures from Botucatu, three (6%) were positive and of the 50 cats, two (4%) were positive. In Campo Grande, 29 dog blood cultures (58%) were positive and all (100%) cats negative by this test. Polymerase chain reaction detected Leishmania spp. in 100% of dog and cat samples from Botucatu but found all the cats from Campo Grande to be negative. On the other hand, 36 dogs from Campo Grande were positive (72%) by the same technique. Immunofluorescent antibody test in Botucatu found 100% of dogs and cats non-reactive, while in Campo Grande, it detected positivity in 32 dogs (64%) and 15 cats (30%).
The results show the importance of not only continuous epidemiological surveillance in areas not endemic for leishmaniasis, but also research for accurate diagnosis of this zoonosis.
本研究旨在通过联合三种诊断测试（肝浸液肉汤培养、免疫荧光抗体测试和聚合酶链反应），评估巴西圣保罗州博图卡图和南马托格罗索州坎普格兰德的犬猫中利什曼原虫属的发生情况。从坎普格兰德的动物传染病控制中心随机采集了 50 份犬猫血液样本，该地区是犬内脏利什曼病的流行区，还采集了博图卡图市动物收容所和动物保护协会的犬猫血液样本，目前该地区被认为是无传播、非流行区。
博图卡图的 50 份犬血培养中，有 3 份（6%）呈阳性，50 份猫血培养中，有 2 份（4%）呈阳性。在坎普格兰德，29 份犬血培养（58%）呈阳性，所有猫（100%）均为阴性。聚合酶链反应检测到博图卡图的犬猫样本中均存在利什曼原虫属，但坎普格兰德的所有猫均为阴性。另一方面，坎普格兰德的 36 只犬（72%）用相同的技术呈阳性。博图卡图的免疫荧光抗体测试发现犬猫均无反应性，而在坎普格兰德，32 只犬（64%）和 15 只猫（30%）检测出阳性。
研究结果表明，不仅要对非利什曼病流行区进行持续的流行病学监测，还需要对这种人畜共患病进行准确诊断的研究。
