Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, United Kingdom.
J Clin Virol. 2014 Apr;59(4):264-7. doi: 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.01.018. Epub 2014 Feb 2.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common infection which usually produces mild or no symptoms in immunocompetent individuals. In human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) associated immunosuppression it is most commonly associated with malignancy which usually occurs at very low CD4+ cell counts. We describe a newly diagnosed HIV-positive patient who presented with headaches and cerebellar signs. She was incorrectly diagnosed with cerebral tuberculosis (TB) infection based on the histology report from a cerebellar biopsy specimen. After extensive investigation including cerebrospinal fluid sampling and reanalysis of the brain biopsy specimens she was found to have EBV-associated cerebral vasculitis and encephalitis and was successfully treated with valganciclovir and steroids. Whilst there are a few reports of EBV-associated encephalitis, cerebral vasculitis secondary to EBV in the context of HIV infection has not previously been described in the literature.
爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒（EBV）是一种常见的感染，在免疫功能正常的个体中通常产生轻微或无症状。在人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）相关免疫抑制中，它最常与恶性肿瘤相关，通常发生在非常低的 CD4+细胞计数时。我们描述了一位新诊断的 HIV 阳性患者，她出现头痛和小脑体征。根据小脑活检标本的组织学报告，她被错误地诊断为脑结核（TB）感染。经过广泛的调查，包括脑脊液采样和重新分析脑活检标本，发现她患有 EBV 相关的脑血管炎和脑炎，并成功地用缬更昔洛韦和类固醇治疗。虽然有一些 EBV 相关脑炎的报道，但在 HIV 感染背景下，由 EBV 引起的脑血管炎以前在文献中没有描述过。
