Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, Université de Strasbourg, Strasbourg F-67000, France.
Annu Rev Biochem. 2014;83:467-86. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-060713-035445. Epub 2014 Feb 21.
The high-resolution structure of the eukaryotic ribosome from yeast, determined at 3.0-Å resolution, permitted the unambiguous determination of the protein side chains, eukaryote-specific proteins, protein insertions, and ribosomal RNA expansion segments of the 80 proteins and ∼5,500 RNA bases that constitute the 80S ribosome. A comparison between this first atomic model of the entire 80S eukaryotic ribosome and previously determined structures of bacterial ribosomes confirmed early genetic and structural data indicating that they share an evolutionarily conserved core of ribosomal RNA and proteins. It also confirmed the conserved organization of essential functional sites, such as the peptidyl transferase center and the decoding site. New structural information about eukaryote-specific elements, such as expansion segments and new ribosomal proteins, forms the structural framework for the design and analysis of experiments that will explore the eukaryotic translational apparatus and the evolutionary forces that shaped it. New nomenclature for ribosomal proteins, based on the names of protein families, has been proposed.
酵母真核核糖体的高分辨率结构在 3.0 Å 的分辨率下被确定，这使得能够明确确定构成 80S 核糖体的 80 种蛋白质和约 5500 个 RNA 碱基的蛋白质侧链、真核生物特有的蛋白质、蛋白质插入物和核糖体 RNA 扩展片段。该 80S 真核核糖体的首个全原子模型与先前确定的细菌核糖体结构进行比较，证实了早期的遗传和结构数据表明它们共享核糖体 RNA 和蛋白质的进化保守核心。它还证实了必需功能部位（如肽基转移酶中心和解码部位）的保守组织。关于真核生物特有的元素（如扩展片段和新核糖体蛋白）的新结构信息，为设计和分析探索真核翻译装置和塑造它的进化力量的实验提供了结构框架。已经提出了基于蛋白质家族名称的核糖体蛋白的新命名法。
