Health Psychology and Behavioural Medicine Research Group, Laboratory of Self-Regulation, Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Psychology and Speech Curtin University Perth, WA, Australia.
Personality, Social Psychology, and Health Research Group, School of Psychology, University of Nottingham Nottingham,UK.
Front Psychol. 2014 Feb 13;5:125. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2014.00125. eCollection 2014.
Research into individuals' intended behavior and performance has traditionally adopted explicitly measured, self-report constructs, and outcomes. More recently, research has shown that completing explicit self-report measures of constructs may effect subsequent behavior, termed the "mere measurement" effect. The aim of the present experiment was to investigate whether implicit measures of motivation showed a similar mere measurement effect on subsequent behavior. It may be the case that measuring the implicit systems affects subsequent implicit interventions (e.g., priming), observable on subsequent behavior. Priming manipulations were also given to participants in order to investigate the interaction between measurement and priming of motivation. Initially, a 2 [implicit association test (IAT: present vs. absent) ×2 (Prime: autonomous vs. absent) and a 2 (IAT: present vs. absent) × 2 (Prime: controlled vs. absent)] between participants designs were conducted, these were them combined into a 2 (IAT: present vs. absent) ×3 (Prime: autonomous vs. controlled vs. absent) between participants design, with attempts at a novel task taken as the outcome measure. Implicit measure completion significantly decreased behavioral engagement. Priming autonomous motivation significantly facilitated, and controlled motivation significantly inhibited performance. Finally, there was a significant implicit measurement × priming interaction, such that priming autonomous motivation only improved performance in the absence of the implicit measure. Overall, this research provides an insight into the effects of implicit measurement and priming of motivation and the combined effect of completing both tasks on behavior.
对个体预期行为和绩效的研究传统上采用了明确测量的、自我报告的构念和结果。最近，研究表明，完成对构念的明确自我报告测量可能会影响随后的行为，这被称为“纯粹的测量”效应。本实验的目的是调查动机的内隐测量是否会对随后的行为表现出类似的纯粹测量效应。可能的情况是，对隐性系统的测量会影响随后的隐性干预（例如，启动），从而影响后续的行为。为了研究动机的测量和启动之间的相互作用，还对参与者进行了启动操作。最初，进行了 2 个 [内隐联想测试（IAT：存在与不存在）×2（启动：自主与不存在）和 2（IAT：存在与不存在）×2（启动：控制与不存在）] 参与者之间的设计，然后将这些设计组合成 2 个参与者之间的设计 [IAT：存在与不存在）×3（启动：自主与控制与不存在）]，以尝试新任务作为结果测量。内隐测量的完成显著降低了行为参与度。自主动机的启动显著促进了绩效，而控制动机的启动显著抑制了绩效。最后，存在一个显著的内隐测量×启动的交互作用，即只有在没有内隐测量的情况下，启动自主动机才能提高绩效。总的来说，这项研究深入了解了内隐测量和动机启动的影响，以及完成这两个任务对行为的综合影响。
