Lee Andrew Chee Keng, Booth Andrew, Challen Kirsty, Gardois Paolo, Goodacre Steve
The School of Health and Related Research, the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK West Yorkshire Health Protection Team, Public Health England, Leeds, UK.
The School of Health and Related Research, the University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
Emerg Med J. 2014 Oct;31(e1):e78-83. doi: 10.1136/emermed-2013-203298. Epub 2014 Mar 4.
Globally, there has been an increase in the prevalence and scale of disasters with low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) tending to be more affected. Consequently, disaster risk reduction has been advocated as a global priority. However, the evidence base for disaster management in these settings is unclear.
This study is a scoping review of the evidence base for disaster management in LMIC. Potentially relevant articles between 1990 and 2011 were searched for, assessed for relevance and subsequently categorised using a thematic coding framework based on the US Integrated Emergency Management System model.
Out of 1545 articles identified, only 178 were from LMIC settings. Most were of less robust design such as event reports and commentaries, and 66% pertained to natural disasters. There was a paucity of articles on disaster mitigation or recovery, and more were written on disaster response and preparedness issues.
Considerably more articles were published from high-income country settings that may reflect a publication bias. Current grey literature on disaster management tends not to be peer reviewed, is not well organised and not easy to access. The paucity of peer-reviewed publications compromises evidence review initiatives that seek to provide an evidence-base for disaster management in LMIC. As such, there is an urgent need for greater research and publication of findings on disaster management issues from these settings.
在全球范围内，灾害的发生率和规模都有所上升，低收入和中等收入国家（LMICs）往往受到的影响更大。因此，减少灾害风险已被倡导为全球优先事项。然而，这些环境下灾害管理的证据基础尚不清楚。
本研究是对低收入和中等收入国家灾害管理证据基础的范围审查。检索了1990年至2011年间潜在相关的文章，评估其相关性，随后使用基于美国综合应急管理系统模型的主题编码框架进行分类。
在识别出的1545篇文章中，只有178篇来自低收入和中等收入国家。大多数文章的设计不够严谨，如事件报告和评论，66%与自然灾害有关。关于减灾或恢复的文章很少，更多的是关于灾害应对和准备问题的文章。
高收入国家发表的文章要多得多，这可能反映了一种发表偏倚。当前关于灾害管理的灰色文献往往未经同行评审，组织不善且不易获取。同行评审出版物的匮乏损害了旨在为低收入和中等收入国家灾害管理提供证据基础的证据审查倡议。因此，迫切需要对这些环境下的灾害管理问题进行更多研究并发表研究结果。
