McGlinchey Eleanor L, Harvey Allison G
Division of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, New York State Psychiatric Institute, Columbia University Medical Center, 1051 Riverside Drive, Box 78, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
J Youth Adolesc. 2015 Feb;44(2):478-88. doi: 10.1007/s10964-014-0110-2. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Late bedtimes in adolescence may be a serious risk factor for later poor health and functional outcomes. The current study sought to extend existing cross sectional data by examining whether late bedtimes in adolescence predicts poor outcomes in young adulthood. Data from wave 2 (1996) and wave 3 (2001-2002) of the nationally representative sample of US youth (National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health) was used to examine the longitudinal relationship between late bedtime, and several risk behaviors and negative health outcomes following 3,843 adolescents into young adulthood. At wave 2 the mean age was 16 with 52.1% female. At wave 3 the mean age was 21.8. In cross sectional analyses, late bedtime was associated with 1.5 to over 3 times greater odds of involvement in risk behaviors and negative health outcomes, including emotional distress, suicidality, criminal and violent activity, and use of cigarettes, alcohol and illicit drugs. In longitudinal analyses, late bedtime assessed at wave 2 predicted a number of serious health outcomes at wave 3, with late bedtime in adolescence associated with around 1.5 greater odds of involvement in health jeopardizing behaviors such as criminal activity, alcohol abuse, cigarette use, illicit drug use and emotional distress in young adulthood. There was also a dose effect, such that the later the bedtime in adolescence, the greater the risk of involvement in risk behaviors in young adulthood. This research suggests that late bedtime in adolescence predicts multiple serious risk behaviors and health outcomes in young adulthood.
青少年晚睡可能是日后健康状况不佳和功能预后不良的严重风险因素。当前的研究试图通过考察青少年晚睡是否能预测青年期的不良预后，来扩展现有的横断面数据。利用来自美国青少年健康全国代表性样本（青少年健康纵向研究）第2波（1996年）和第3波（2001 - 2002年）的数据，对3843名青少年进入青年期后的晚睡情况、几种风险行为和负面健康结果之间的纵向关系进行了研究。在第2波时，平均年龄为16岁，女性占52.1%。在第3波时，平均年龄为21.8岁。在横断面分析中，晚睡与参与风险行为和负面健康结果的几率高出1.5倍至3倍以上相关，这些行为包括情绪困扰、自杀倾向、犯罪和暴力活动，以及吸烟、饮酒和使用非法药物。在纵向分析中，第2波评估的晚睡情况预测了第3波时的一些严重健康结果，青少年晚睡与青年期参与危害健康行为（如犯罪活动、酗酒、吸烟、使用非法药物和情绪困扰）的几率高出约1.5倍相关。此外，还存在剂量效应，即青少年的就寝时间越晚，青年期参与风险行为的风险就越大。这项研究表明，青少年晚睡可预测青年期的多种严重风险行为和健康结果。
