Randler Christoph
University of Education Heidelberg, Department of Natural Sciences, Heidelberg, Germany.
J Genet Psychol. 2011 Jul-Sep;172(3):302-8. doi: 10.1080/00221325.2010.535225.
Morningness-eveningness was assessed in a large sample of adolescents and young adults. Morningness decreased from 12 to 15 years, and then remained on a stable level until about 20 years, when a turn back to morningness occurred. Boys and men were on average more evening-oriented than were girls and women. In detail, significant differences existed at the ages of 16, 18, and 19 years. A quadratic function explained more variance than a linear regression. Composite Scale of Morningness scores are related to puberty scores in boys and girls, and when combining data (i.e., higher pubertal development was related to eveningness).
在大量青少年和青年成年人样本中评估了晨型-夜型偏好。晨型偏好从12岁到15岁呈下降趋势，然后在大约20岁之前保持稳定水平，之后又转向晨型偏好。男孩和男性平均比女孩和女性更倾向于夜型。具体而言，在16岁、18岁和19岁时存在显著差异。二次函数比线性回归能解释更多的方差。晨型综合量表得分与男孩和女孩的青春期得分相关，并且在合并数据时（即青春期发育程度越高与夜型偏好相关）。
