健康献血者中B19型人细小病毒的血清流行率。
Seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors.
作者信息
Kumar Satish, Gupta R M, Sen Sourav, Sarkar R S, Philip J, Kotwal Atul, Sumathi S H
机构信息
Classified Specialist (Transfusion Medicine), INHS Asvini, Mumbai, India.
Senior Advisor (Pathology & Virology), CH (NC), Udhampur, India.
出版信息
Med J Armed Forces India. 2013 Jul;69(3):268-72. doi: 10.1016/j.mjafi.2012.11.009. Epub 2013 Feb 23.
BACKGROUND
Human parvovirus B19 is an emerging transfusion transmitted infection. Although parvovirus B19 infection is connected with severe complications in some recipients, donor screening is not yet mandatory. To reduce the risk of contamination, plasma-pool screening and exclusion of highly viraemic donations are recommended. In this study the prevalence of parvovirus B19 in healthy blood donors was detected by ELISA.
METHODS
A total of 1633 samples were screened for IgM and IgG antibodies against parvovirus B19 by ELISA. The initial 540 samples were screened for both IgM and IgG class antibodies and remaining 1093 samples were screened for only IgM class antibodies by ELISA.
RESULTS
Net prevalence of IgM antibodies to human parvovirus B19 in our study was 7.53% and prevalence of IgG antibodies was 27.96%. Dual positivity (IgG and IgM) was 2.40%.
CONCLUSION
The seroprevalence of human parvovirus B19 among blood donor population in our study is high, and poses an adverse transfusion risk especially in high-risk group of patients who have no detectable antibodies to B19. Studies with large sample size are needed to validate these results.
背景
人细小病毒B19是一种新出现的经输血传播的感染源。尽管细小病毒B19感染在一些受血者中会引发严重并发症，但目前尚未强制要求对献血者进行筛查。为降低污染风险，建议进行血浆池筛查并排除病毒血症水平高的献血。在本研究中，采用酶联免疫吸附测定法（ELISA）检测健康献血者中细小病毒B19的流行情况。
方法
通过ELISA对总共1633份样本进行针对细小病毒B19的IgM和IgG抗体筛查。最初的540份样本同时筛查IgM和IgG类抗体，其余1093份样本仅通过ELISA筛查IgM类抗体。
结果
在我们的研究中，人细小病毒B19的IgM抗体净流行率为7.53%，IgG抗体流行率为27.96%。双重阳性（IgG和IgM）为2.40%。
结论
在我们的研究中，献血人群中人细小病毒B19的血清流行率较高，尤其对于那些对B19无可检测抗体的高危患者群体，会带来不良的输血风险。需要开展大样本量研究以验证这些结果。
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