Central American Institute for Studies on Toxic Substances (IRET), Universidad Nacional , P.O. Box 86-3000 Heredia, Costa Rica.
Environ Sci Technol. 2014 Mar 18;48(6):3467-76. doi: 10.1021/es404279r. Epub 2014 Mar 6.
Manganese (Mn), an essential nutrient, is a neurotoxicant at high concentrations. We measured Mn concentrations in repeated blood and hair samples collected from 449 pregnant women living near banana plantations with extensive aerial spraying of Mn-containing fungicide mancozeb in Costa Rica, and examined environmental and lifestyle factors associated with these biomarkers. Mean blood Mn and geometric mean hair Mn concentrations were 24.4 μg/L (8.9-56.3) and 1.8 μg/g (0.05-53.3), respectively. Blood Mn concentrations were positively associated with gestational age at sampling (β = 0.2; 95% CI: 0.1 to 0.2), number of household members (β = 0.4; 95% CI: 0.1 to 0.6), and living in a house made of permeable and difficult-to-clean materials (β = 2.6; 95% CI: 1.3 to 4.0); and inversely related to smoking (β = -3.1; 95% CI: -5.8 to -0.3). Hair Mn concentrations were inversely associated with gestational age at sampling (% change = 0.8; 95% CI: -1.6 to 0.0); and positively associated with living within 50 m of a plantation (% change = 42.1; 95% CI: 14.2 to 76.9) and Mn concentrations in drinking water (% change = 17.5; 95% CI: 12.2 to 22.8). Our findings suggest that pregnant women living near banana plantations aerially sprayed with mancozeb may be environmentally exposed to Mn.
锰（Mn）是一种必需的营养物质，但在高浓度时具有神经毒性。我们在哥斯达黎加，对 449 名居住在香蕉种植园附近的孕妇进行了多次采血和毛发样本检测，这些种植园大量使用含有锰的杀菌剂代森锰进行空中喷雾。我们测量了这些孕妇血液和毛发中的锰浓度，并对与这些生物标志物相关的环境和生活方式因素进行了研究。平均血液锰和毛发锰的浓度分别为 24.4μg/L（8.9-56.3）和 1.8μg/g（0.05-53.3）。血液锰浓度与采样时的妊娠龄呈正相关（β=0.2；95%CI：0.1-0.2），与家庭人数呈正相关（β=0.4；95%CI：0.1-0.6），与居住在由可渗透和难以清洁的材料制成的房屋中呈正相关（β=2.6；95%CI：1.3-4.0）；与吸烟呈负相关（β=-3.1；95%CI：-5.8-0.3）。毛发锰浓度与采样时的妊娠龄呈负相关（%变化=0.8；95%CI：-1.6-0.0）；与居住在种植园 50 米以内呈正相关（%变化=42.1；95%CI：14.2-76.9），与饮用水中锰浓度呈正相关（%变化=17.5；95%CI：12.2-22.8）。我们的研究结果表明，居住在香蕉种植园附近并受到代森锰空中喷雾的孕妇可能会受到环境中锰的暴露。
