Xu Yanhua, Zhang Weifang, Yang Rulai, Zou Chaochun, Zhao Zhengyan
Department of Newborn Screening, Children's Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China (mainland).
Med Sci Monit. 2014 Mar 7;20:379-85. doi: 10.12659/MSM.890204.
It is reported that the infant mortality (IM) rate decreased rapidly in China and the life expectancy (LE) also had a high increase. Our objective was to determine the health status of the Chinese population by investigating IM and LE and their inter-relationship.
Based on a literature review on the history and current status of IM and LE in China and other major countries, the relationship between IM, LE, and per capita gross national income (GNI) was investigated in 2013.
The decline in IM from 30% to 15% took China only 7 years, which was faster than in developed countries. The leading causes of infant death in China were perinatal diseases, infectious and parasitic diseases, congenital anomalies, accidents, and signs, symptoms, and ill-defined conditions. Most under-5 mortality occurred during infancy (80%), particularly during the neonatal period (55%). LE was negatively correlated with IM (r=-0.921, P<0.001) and per capita GNI (r=0.778, P<0.001), while IM was negatively correlated with per capita GNI (r=-0.735, P<0.001). However, healthcare capabilities and per capita GNI in China are still below the level of developing countries. Some countries have a comparable IM and healthcare capabilities, but they have a much higher per capita GNI than China.
In China, IM has decreased and IE increased rapidly. However, they were not in parallel with the current economic development. Deviation of these data might be attributed to many factors. In-house surveys and hospital-based follow-ups should be carried out to better understand infant death.
据报道，中国婴儿死亡率（IM）迅速下降，预期寿命（LE）也大幅提高。我们的目标是通过调查IM和LE及其相互关系来确定中国人口的健康状况。
基于对中国及其他主要国家IM和LE的历史与现状的文献综述，于2013年研究了IM、LE与人均国民总收入（GNI）之间的关系。
中国IM从30%降至15%仅用了7年时间，比发达国家还快。中国婴儿死亡的主要原因是围产期疾病、传染病和寄生虫病、先天性异常、事故以及体征、症状和不明情况。大多数5岁以下儿童死亡发生在婴儿期（80%），尤其是新生儿期（55%）。LE与IM呈负相关（r = -0.921，P < 0.001），与人均GNI呈正相关（r = 0.778，P < 0.001），而IM与人均GNI呈负相关（r = -0.735，P < 0.001）。然而，中国的医疗保健能力和人均GNI仍低于发展中国家水平。一些国家的IM和医疗保健能力相当，但人均GNI却比中国高得多。
在中国，IM下降且LE迅速上升。然而，它们与当前经济发展并不平行。这些数据的偏差可能归因于多种因素。应开展内部调查和基于医院的随访，以更好地了解婴儿死亡情况。
