Qu Ruijuan, Feng Mingbao, Sun Ping, Wang Zunyao
State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, People's Republic of China.
Environ Toxicol. 2015 Sep;30(10):1125-34. doi: 10.1002/tox.21985. Epub 2014 Mar 11.
Laboratory experiments were performed to determine the antioxidant responses to nine phthalates (PAEs) in the liver of the goldfish Carassius auratus. The fish were injected with 10 mg/kg body weight of each PAE for 1 day and 4, 8, and 15 days. The potential biotoxicity of the PAEs were examined using the antioxidase and lipid peroxide indices. We determined that the superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels displayed different trends following prolonged treatment, suggesting that metabolism generated either less toxic or more active substances. Based on the intensity of enzymes inhibition, MDA content, and the calculated integrated biomarker response (IBR), the toxicity order was determined as follows: dibutyl phthalate (DBP) > diethyl phthalate (DEP) > diisodecyl phthalate (DIDP) > diphenyl phthalate (DPP) > butyl benzyl phthalate (BBP) > diallyl phthalate (DAP) > dicyclohexyl phthalate (DCHP) > dimethyl phthalate (DMP) > di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). In particular, DBP, which exhibited significant inhibition of enzyme activity and the greatest decrease in MDA content, may be a highly toxic contaminant. Furthermore, our results suggest that the IBR may be a general marker of pollution.
进行了实验室实验，以确定金鱼肝脏对九种邻苯二甲酸酯（PAEs）的抗氧化反应。给鱼注射每千克体重10毫克的每种PAE，持续1天、4天、8天和15天。使用抗氧化酶和脂质过氧化物指标检查PAEs的潜在生物毒性。我们确定，在长时间处理后，超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化氢酶（CAT）、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶（GPx）和丙二醛（MDA）水平呈现出不同的趋势，这表明代谢产生的物质毒性较小或活性更高。根据酶抑制强度、MDA含量以及计算得出的综合生物标志物反应（IBR），确定毒性顺序如下：邻苯二甲酸二丁酯（DBP）＞邻苯二甲酸二乙酯（DEP）＞邻苯二甲酸二异癸酯（DIDP）＞邻苯二甲酸二苯酯（DPP）＞邻苯二甲酸丁苄酯（BBP）＞邻苯二甲酸二烯丙酯（DAP）＞邻苯二甲酸二环己酯（DCHP）＞邻苯二甲酸二甲酯（DMP）＞邻苯二甲酸二（2-乙基己基）酯（DEHP）。特别是，DBP表现出对酶活性的显著抑制以及MDA含量的最大降幅，可能是一种高毒性污染物。此外，我们的结果表明IBR可能是污染的通用标志物。
