State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology in Arid Areas and College of Agronomy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
J Integr Plant Biol. 2014 May;56(5):425-43. doi: 10.1111/jipb.12192. Epub 2014 May 2.
Food security is a global concern and substantial yield increases in crops are required to feed the growing world population. Mutagenesis is an important tool in crop improvement and is free of the regulatory restrictions imposed on genetically modified organisms. Targeting Induced Local Lesions in Genomes (TILLING), which combines traditional chemical mutagenesis with high-throughput genome-wide screening for point mutations in desired genes, offers a powerful way to create novel mutant alleles for both functional genomics and improvement of crops. TILLING is generally applicable to genomes whether small or large, diploid or even allohexaploid, and shows great potential to address the major challenge of linking sequence information to the function of genes and to modulate key traits for plant breeding. TILLING has been successfully applied in many crop species and recent progress in TILLING is summarized below, especially on the developments in mutation detection technology, application of TILLING in gene functional studies and crop breeding. The potential of TILLING/EcoTILLING for functional genetics and crop improvement is also discussed. Furthermore, a small-scale forward strategy including backcross and selfing was conducted to release the potential mutant phenotypes masked in M2 (or M3) plants.
粮食安全是一个全球性的问题，需要大幅度提高作物的产量，以满足不断增长的世界人口的需求。诱变是作物改良的重要工具，它不受对转基因生物施加的监管限制。靶向诱导基因组局部突变（TILLING）将传统的化学诱变与高通量全基因组筛选相结合，用于在所需基因中寻找点突变，为功能基因组学和作物改良创造新的突变等位基因提供了一种强大的方法。TILLING 通常适用于大小、二倍体甚至异源六倍体的基因组，具有很大的潜力来解决将序列信息与基因功能联系起来的主要挑战，并调节植物育种的关键性状。TILLING 已成功应用于许多作物物种，下面总结了 TILLING 的最新进展，特别是在突变检测技术的发展、TILLING 在基因功能研究和作物改良中的应用。还讨论了 TILLING/EcoTILLING 在功能遗传学和作物改良方面的潜力。此外，还进行了小规模的正向策略，包括回交和自交，以释放 M2（或 M3）植株中掩盖的潜在突变表型。
