Guedes Dartagnan Pinto, Villagra Astudillo Hermán Ariel, Moya Morales José María, del Campo Vecino Juan, Pires Júnior Raymundo
Centro de Investigación en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Norte do Paraná, Brasil, Brasil,
Departamento de Educación Física, Deporte y Motricidad Humana, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, España.
Rev Panam Salud Publica. 2014 Jan;35(1):46-52.
The objective of the present study was to find out if there are differences in terms of sex, age, or country of origin for the components of health-related quality of life (HRQL) in samples of adolescents from three cities-in Argentina, Brazil, and Chile, respectively-using data collected through an internationally recognized and validated survey questionnaire, KIDSCREEN-52.
The KIDSCREEN-52 questionnaire was administered to 1 357 adolescents between 12 and 17 years of age (48.6% of them male) in selected samples in the three countries. Univariate analysis of variation (ANCOVA) was used. Not only sex and age differences, but also differences for each component of HRQL, were found between the three country groups.
The data showed significant differences between the three countries for each of the specific components of HRQL. Males scored significantly higher than females in the following components: Physical Well-being (P < 0.001), Psychological Well-being (P = 0.019), Moods and Emotions (P < 0.001), Self-perception (P = 0.001), Autonomy (P < 0.001), and Parent Relations and Home Life (P = 0.008). Furthermore, the average scores for Physical Well-being (P = 0.001), Psychological Well-being (P = 0.001), Self-Perception (P = 0.038), Autonomy (P = 0.001), Parent Relations and Home Life (P = 0.001), School Environment (P = 0.001), and Financial Resources (P = 0.022) showed a significantly declining trend with each advancing year, while average scores for the component Social Acceptance (Bullying) increased significantly with age (P < 0.001).
The evidence suggests that interventions in disease prevention and health promotion should be developed for specific target groups, using appropriate actions depending on the sex and age of the adolescents.
本研究的目的是利用通过国际认可且经过验证的调查问卷KIDSCREEN - 52收集的数据，探究分别来自阿根廷、巴西和智利三个城市的青少年样本在健康相关生活质量（HRQL）各组成部分方面在性别、年龄或原籍国上是否存在差异。
在这三个国家的选定样本中，对1357名12至17岁的青少年（其中48.6%为男性）进行了KIDSCREEN - 52问卷调查。采用单变量方差分析（ANCOVA）。结果发现，三个国家组之间不仅在性别和年龄上存在差异，在HRQL的每个组成部分上也存在差异。
数据显示，HRQL的每个特定组成部分在三个国家之间均存在显著差异。在以下组成部分中，男性得分显著高于女性：身体健康（P < 0.001）、心理健康（P = 0.019）、情绪和情感（P < 0.001）、自我认知（P = 0.001）、自主性（P < 0.001）以及亲子关系和家庭生活（P = 0.008）。此外，身体健康（P = 0.001）、心理健康（P = 0.001）、自我认知（P = 0.038）、自主性（P = 0.001）、亲子关系和家庭生活（P = 0.001）、学校环境（P = 0.001）以及经济资源（P = 0.022）的平均得分随着年龄的增长呈现出显著下降趋势，而社会接纳（欺凌）这一组成部分的平均得分则随着年龄的增长显著增加（P < 0.001）。
有证据表明，应针对特定目标群体制定疾病预防和健康促进干预措施，并根据青少年的性别和年龄采取适当行动。
