Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria; Department of Epidemiology & Public Health, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL, USA.
Syrian Center for Tobacco Studies, Aleppo, Syria.
Addict Behav. 2014 Jun;39(6):1066-74. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.02.012. Epub 2014 Mar 3.
Waterpipe use has increased dramatically in the Middle East and other parts of the world. Many users exhibit signs of dependence, including withdrawal and difficulty quitting, but there is no evidence base to guide cessation efforts.
We developed a behavioral cessation program for willing-to-quit waterpipe users, and evaluated its feasibility and efficacy in a pilot, two arm, parallel group, randomized, open label trial in Aleppo, Syria. Fifty adults who smoked waterpipe ≥3 times per week in the last year, did not smoke cigarettes, and were interested in quitting were randomized to receive either brief (1 in-person session and 3 phone calls) or intensive (3 in-person sessions and 5 phone calls) behavioral cessation treatment delivered by a trained physician in a clinical setting. The primary efficacy end point of the developed interventions was prolonged abstinence at three months post-quit day, assessed by self-report and exhaled carbon monoxide levels of <10 ppm. Secondary end points were 7 day point-prevalent abstinence and adherence to treatment.
Thirty percent of participants were fully adherent to treatment, which did not vary by treatment group. The proportions of participants in the brief and intensive interventions with prolonged abstinence at the 3-month assessment were 30.4% and 44.4%, respectively. Previous success in quitting (OR=3.57; 95% CI=1.03-12.43) predicted cessation. Higher baseline readiness to quit, more confidence in quitting, and being unemployed predicted a better adherence to treatment (all p-values <0.05).
Brief behavioral cessation treatment for waterpipe users appears to be feasible and effective.
水烟在中东和世界其他地区的使用急剧增加。许多使用者表现出依赖的迹象，包括戒断和难以戒烟，但没有证据基础来指导戒烟努力。
我们为愿意戒烟的水烟使用者开发了一种行为戒烟计划，并在叙利亚阿勒颇进行了一项试点、两臂、平行组、随机、开放标签试验，评估其可行性和效果。50 名成年人在过去一年中每周至少吸食水烟 3 次，不吸食香烟，并有戒烟意向，随机分为接受简短（1 次面对面会议和 3 次电话）或强化（3 次面对面会议和 5 次电话）行为戒烟治疗组，由经过培训的医生在临床环境中进行。开发的干预措施的主要疗效终点是在戒烟后 3 个月的长期戒断，通过自我报告和呼出的一氧化碳水平<10ppm 来评估。次要终点是 7 天点流行的戒断和对治疗的依从性。
30%的参与者完全遵守治疗，这与治疗组无关。在 3 个月评估中，简短和强化干预组的持续戒断比例分别为 30.4%和 44.4%。以前戒烟成功（OR=3.57；95%CI=1.03-12.43）预测了戒烟。更高的基线戒烟准备度、更高的戒烟信心和失业预测了更好的治疗依从性（所有 p 值均<0.05）。
针对水烟使用者的简短行为戒烟治疗似乎是可行且有效的。
