Janatova Martina, Albrechtova Katerina, Petrzelkova Klara Judita, Dolejska Monika, Papousek Ivo, Masarikova Martina, Cizek Alois, Todd Anguelique, Shutt Kathryn, Kalousova Bara, Profousova-Psenkova Ilona, Modry David, Literak Ivan
Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic; Institute of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
Department of Biology and Wildlife Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Hygiene and Ecology, University of Veterinary and Pharmaceutical Sciences Brno, Palackeho 1-3, 61242 Brno, Czech Republic.
Vet Microbiol. 2014 Jul 16;171(3-4):422-31. doi: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.02.014. Epub 2014 Feb 16.
Antimicrobial resistance is a worldwide concern of public health. Unfortunately, resistant bacteria are spreading to all ecosystems, including the strictly protected ones. We investigated antimicrobial resistance in gastrointestinal Enterobacteriaceae of wild mammals and people living within Dzangha-Sangha Protected Areas, Central African Republic, with an emphasis on extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) and plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes. We compare resistance genes found in microbiota of humans, gorillas habituated and unhabituated to humans and other wildlife. In gorillas, we additionally investigate the presence of ESBL resistant isolates after treatment by ceftiofur. We found a considerable prevalence of multiresistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates with ESBL and PMQR genes in humans (10% and 31%, respectively). Among wildlife the most significant findings were CTX-M-15-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae in a habituated gorilla and a multiresistant Escherichia coli isolate with gene qepA in an unhabituated gorilla. Other isolates from wildlife were mostly represented by qnrB-harboring Citrobacter spp. The relatedness of resistant E. coli was investigated in a PFGE-based dendrogram; isolates from gorillas showed less than 80% similarity to each other and less than 80% similarity to human isolates. No ESBL-producing isolates were found in animals treated by ceftiofur. Although we did not detect any bacterial clone common to wildlife and humans, we detected an intersection in the spectrum of resistance genes found in humans and gorillas, represented by blaCTX-M-15 and qepA.
抗菌药物耐药性是全球公共卫生领域关注的问题。不幸的是，耐药细菌正在扩散到所有生态系统，包括受到严格保护的生态系统。我们调查了中非共和国赞加-桑加保护区内野生哺乳动物和当地居民胃肠道肠杆菌科细菌的抗菌药物耐药性，重点关注超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）和质粒介导的喹诺酮耐药性（PMQR）基因。我们比较了在人类、习惯与人类接触和不习惯与人类接触的大猩猩以及其他野生动物的微生物群中发现的耐药基因。对于大猩猩，我们还调查了头孢噻呋治疗后ESBL耐药菌株的存在情况。我们发现，人类中携带ESBL和PMQR基因的多重耐药肠杆菌科分离株相当普遍（分别为10%和31%）。在野生动物中，最显著的发现是在一只习惯与人类接触的大猩猩体内发现产CTX-M-15的肺炎克雷伯菌，以及在一只不习惯与人类接触的大猩猩体内发现携带qepA基因的多重耐药大肠杆菌分离株。来自野生动物的其他分离株大多是携带qnrB的柠檬酸杆菌属。基于脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）的树形图研究了耐药大肠杆菌的亲缘关系；来自大猩猩的分离株彼此之间的相似度低于80%，与人类分离株的相似度也低于80%。在接受头孢噻呋治疗的动物中未发现产ESBL的分离株。虽然我们没有检测到野生动物和人类共有的任何细菌克隆，但我们在人类和大猩猩中发现的耐药基因谱存在交集，以blaCTX-M-15和qepA为代表。
