Dikoumba Annicet-Clotaire, Onanga Richard, Mangouka Laurette G, Boundenga Larson, Ngoungou Edgard-Brice, Godreuil Sylvain
Département de biologie médicale, Hôpital d'Instruction des Armées Omar Bongo Ondimba, B.P 20404 Libreville, Gabon.
Unité de recherche et d'Analyses Médicales (URAM), Centre Interdisciplinaire de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), B.P. 679 Franceville, Gabon.
Access Microbiol. 2023 Aug 16;5(8). doi: 10.1099/acmi.0.000556.v5. eCollection 2023.
In Central Africa, it is difficult to tackle antibiotic resistance, because of a lack of data and information on bacterial resistance, due to the low number of studies carried out in the field. To fill this gap, we carried out a systematic review of the various studies, and devised a molecular epidemiology of antimicrobial resistance from humans, animals and the environmental samples.
A systematic search of all publications from 2005 to 2020 on bacterial resistance in Central Africa (Gabon, Cameroon, Democratic Republic of Congo, Central African Republic, Chad, Republic of Congo, Equatorial Guinea, São Tomé and Príncipe, Angola) was performed on Pubmed, Google scholar and African Journals Online (AJOL). All circulating resistance genes, prevalence and genetic carriers of these resistances were collected. The study area was limited to the nine countries of Central Africa.
A total of 517 studies were identified through a literature search, and 60 studies carried out in eight countries were included. Among all articles included, 43 articles were from humans. Our study revealed not only the circulation of beta-lactamase and carbapenemase genes, but also several other types of resistance genes. To finish, we noticed that some studies reported mobile genetic elements such as integrons, transposons, and plasmids.
The scarcity of data poses difficulties in the implementation of effective strategies against antibiotic resistance, which requires a health policy in a 'One Health' approach.
在中非，由于实地开展的研究数量较少，缺乏关于细菌耐药性的数据和信息，因此难以应对抗生素耐药性问题。为填补这一空白，我们对各项研究进行了系统综述，并设计了一项针对人类、动物和环境样本的抗菌药物耐药性分子流行病学研究。
在PubMed、谷歌学术和非洲期刊在线（AJOL）上对2005年至2020年期间所有关于中非（加蓬、喀麦隆、刚果民主共和国、中非共和国、乍得、刚果共和国、赤道几内亚、圣多美和普林西比、安哥拉）细菌耐药性的出版物进行了系统检索。收集了所有传播的耐药基因、这些耐药性的流行情况和基因携带者。研究区域限于中非的九个国家。
通过文献检索共确定了517项研究，纳入了在八个国家开展的60项研究。在所有纳入的文章中，43篇来自人类。我们的研究不仅揭示了β-内酰胺酶和碳青霉烯酶基因的传播情况，还发现了其他几种类型的耐药基因。最后，我们注意到一些研究报告了移动遗传元件，如整合子、转座子和质粒。
数据的匮乏给实施有效的抗生素耐药性应对策略带来了困难，这需要采取“同一健康”方法制定卫生政策。
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