Morsy Tosson A
J Egypt Soc Parasitol. 2013 Dec;43(3):629-48. doi: 10.12816/0006420.
Different types of association between leishmaniasis and cancer were established: leishmaniasis mimicking a malignant disorder, such as lymphoma; leishmaniasis arising as a difficult to diagnose and treat infection among patients receiving chemotherapy for various malignant disorders; simultaneous diagnosis of leishmaniasis and a neoplastic disorder in the same tissue samples of immunocompromised patients; and direct involvement of Leishmania spp. in pathogenesis/occurrence of malignant lesions, especially of the skin and mucous membranes. Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is a protozoan skin disease occurring in all the Middle East countries. Only the cutaneous form is a self-curing, which may develop a certain degree of immunity against the parasite, resulting in healing of the lesion(s). However, the parasites probably never disappear completely, since in situations where immune system is compromised, as in AIDS, or suppressed by cancer chemotherapy or in organ transplantation, Leishmania spp. may suddenly reappear. The cell-mediated immunity is responsible for skin lesion healing but humeral response plays a protective role against the disease. Skin biopsies from 65 parasitological proven cutaneous leishmaniasis patients from Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Jordan and Libya were histopathologically studied. The results showed that cutaneous leishmaniasis especially in hot areas pave the way to the mutation and development of skin cancer.
利什曼病表现为类似恶性疾病，如淋巴瘤；在接受各种恶性疾病化疗的患者中，利什曼病表现为一种难以诊断和治疗的感染；在免疫功能低下患者的同一组织样本中同时诊断出利什曼病和肿瘤性疾病；以及利什曼原虫直接参与恶性病变尤其是皮肤和黏膜病变的发病机制/发生过程。皮肤利什曼病（CL）是一种在所有中东国家均有发生的原生动物性皮肤病。只有皮肤型是可自愈的，其可能会对该寄生虫产生一定程度的免疫力，从而导致病变愈合。然而，寄生虫可能永远不会完全消失，因为在免疫系统受损的情况下，如艾滋病患者，或因癌症化疗或器官移植而受到抑制时，利什曼原虫可能会突然再次出现。细胞介导的免疫负责皮肤病变的愈合，但体液反应对该疾病起到保护作用。对来自埃及、沙特阿拉伯、约旦和利比亚的65例经寄生虫学证实的皮肤利什曼病患者的皮肤活检进行了组织病理学研究。结果表明，皮肤利什曼病尤其是在炎热地区为皮肤癌的突变和发展铺平了道路。
